Flow Measurements Derived from Camera Footage Using an Open-Source Ecosystem

Sensors used for wastewater flow measurements need to be robust and are, consequently, expensive pieces of hardware that must be maintained regularly to function correctly in the hazardous environment of sewers. Remote sensing can remedy these issues, as the lack of direct contact between sensor and...

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Veröffentlicht in:Water (Basel) Jg. 14; H. 3; S. 424
Hauptverfasser: Meier, Robert, Tscheikner-Gratl, Franz, Steffelbauer, David B., Makropoulos, Christos
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: Basel MDPI AG 01.02.2022
Schlagworte:
Accuracy
Calibration
Cameras
Data mining
direct contact
ecosystems
Evaluation
Laboratories
Machine learning
Neural networks
Remote sensing
Sensors
sewage
Sewer systems
streams
Velocity
Wastewater
water
ISSN:2073-4441, 2073-4441
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Zusammenfassung:Sensors used for wastewater flow measurements need to be robust and are, consequently, expensive pieces of hardware that must be maintained regularly to function correctly in the hazardous environment of sewers. Remote sensing can remedy these issues, as the lack of direct contact between sensor and sewage reduces the hardware demands and need for maintenance. This paper utilizes off-the-shelf cameras and machine learning algorithms to estimate the discharge in open sewer channels. We use convolutional neural networks to extract the water level and surface velocity from camera images directly, without the need for artificial markers in the sewage stream. Under optimal conditions, our method estimates the water level with an accuracy of ±2.48% and the surface velocity with an accuracy of ±2.08% in a laboratory setting—a performance comparable to other state-of-the-art solutions (e.g., in situ measurements).
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ISSN:2073-4441
2073-4441
DOI:10.3390/w14030424