Accurate Consensus-Based Distributed Averaging With Variable Time Delay in Support of Distributed Secondary Control Algorithms

Distributed secondary control has been widely used in hierarchical control structures, where multiple distributed generators (DGs) need to coordinate to regulate system voltage and frequency. In these systems, consensus algorithms determine the average of a group of dynamic states (e.g., voltages me...

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Vydáno v:IEEE transactions on smart grid Ročník 11; číslo 4; s. 2918 - 2928
Hlavní autoři: Du, Yuhua, Tu, Hao, Yu, Hui, Lukic, Srdjan
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: Piscataway IEEE 01.07.2020
The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Témata:
Algorithms
Communication networks
Control algorithms
Controllers
Convergence
Delays
Distributed control
Distributed generation
dynamic consensus
ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATION
ENGINEERING
Hardware
Heuristic algorithms
Observers
POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION
ratio consensus
secondary control
Smart grid
Structural hierarchy
Synchronization
Time lag
Time synchronization
time-varying delay
Voltage control
ISSN:1949-3053, 1949-3061
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Shrnutí:Distributed secondary control has been widely used in hierarchical control structures, where multiple distributed generators (DGs) need to coordinate to regulate system voltage and frequency. In these systems, consensus algorithms determine the average of a group of dynamic states (e.g., voltages measured by a group of DGs). To be useful, consensus algorithms must be computationally efficient, stable and accurate. In practice, numerous practical implementation challenges significantly affect the consensus equilibrium. In this paper, we quantify the accuracy deviations of the distributed average observer algorithms proposed in the literature to demonstrate the problems with the state-of-the-art distributed averaging techniques. A novel approach is proposed that achieves accurate average tracking in the presence of time-varying communication delays among agents. In our implementation, time synchronization of all distributed controllers is enabled by a novel software platform, called Resilient Information Architecture Platform for the Smart Grid (RIAPS). The proposed distributed average observer is implemented on hardware controllers and its effectiveness is validated in a controller hardware-in-the-loop testbed.
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DOE-VANDERBILT-0000666-31
USDOE Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy (ARPA-E)
AR0000666
ISSN:1949-3053
1949-3061
DOI:10.1109/TSG.2020.2975752