Age of Information: An Introduction and Survey

We summarize recent contributions in the broad area of age of information (AoI). In particular, we describe the current state of the art in the design and optimization of low-latency cyberphysical systems and applications in which sources send time-stamped status updates to interested recipients. Th...

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Veröffentlicht in:IEEE journal on selected areas in communications Jg. 39; H. 5; S. 1183 - 1210
Hauptverfasser: Yates, Roy D., Sun, Yin, Brown, D. Richard, Kaul, Sanjit K., Modiano, Eytan, Ulukus, Sennur
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: New York IEEE 01.05.2021
The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Schlagworte:
Age
Age of information (AoI)
age-delay tradeoff
age-energy tradeoff
communication networks
Complex systems
Cyber-physical systems
Design optimization
Energy harvesting
information freshness
information update system
Measurement
Monitoring
Network latency
non-linear age penalty
packet delay
Queueing analysis
queueing systems
Queuing theory
selective encoding
Servers
Stochastic processes
Sun
Surgery
time measurement
timely source coding
wireless communication
Wireless networks
ISSN:0733-8716, 1558-0008
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Beschreibung
Zusammenfassung:We summarize recent contributions in the broad area of age of information (AoI). In particular, we describe the current state of the art in the design and optimization of low-latency cyberphysical systems and applications in which sources send time-stamped status updates to interested recipients. These applications desire status updates at the recipients to be as timely as possible; however, this is typically constrained by limited system resources. We describe AoI timeliness metrics and present general methods of AoI evaluation analysis that are applicable to a wide variety of sources and systems. Starting from elementary single-server queues, we apply these AoI methods to a range of increasingly complex systems, including energy harvesting sensors transmitting over noisy channels, parallel server systems, queueing networks, and various single-hop and multi-hop wireless networks. We also explore how update age is related to MMSE methods of sampling, estimation and control of stochastic processes. The paper concludes with a review of efforts to employ age optimization in cyberphysical applications.
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ISSN:0733-8716
1558-0008
DOI:10.1109/JSAC.2021.3065072