Clinical relevance of Mycobacterium simiae in pulmonary samples

The aim of the present study was to determine the clinical relevance of Mycobacterium simiae isolation from clinical samples. The medical files of patients in the Netherlands from whom M. simiae was isolated between 1999 and 2006 were reviewed in order to assess frequency and clinical relevance. Cli...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The European respiratory journal Vol. 31; no. 1; p. 106
Main Authors: van Ingen, J, Boeree, M J, Dekhuijzen, P N R, van Soolingen, D
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: England 01.01.2008
Subjects:
Aged
Disease Progression
Female
Genotype
Humans
Lung - microbiology
Lung Diseases - diagnosis
Lung Diseases - epidemiology
Lung Diseases - microbiology
Male
Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous - diagnosis
Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous - epidemiology
Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous - microbiology
Netherlands
Nontuberculous Mycobacteria - metabolism
Pulmonary Medicine - methods
Radiography, Thoracic
Species Specificity
Treatment Outcome
Netherlands
ISSN:1399-3003, 1399-3003
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Summary:The aim of the present study was to determine the clinical relevance of Mycobacterium simiae isolation from clinical samples. The medical files of patients in the Netherlands from whom M. simiae was isolated between 1999 and 2006 were reviewed in order to assess frequency and clinical relevance. Clinical relevance was defined as fulfilment of the diagnostic criteria of the American Thoracic Society. From the files, 28 patients were identified, of whom six (21%) met the American Thoracic Society diagnostic criteria. A slight (54%) female predominance was observed, which is uncommon for nontuberculous mycobacteria isolation. Fulfilment of the diagnostic criteria and initiation of treatment were not in agreement; treatment results were poor. Only a minority of clinical M. simiae isolates are clinically relevant and, applying the American Thoracic Society diagnostic criteria, the number of true infections is overestimated. Physicians in the Netherlands do not always use these criteria in daily practice, resulting in both over- and underdiagnosis of M. simiae infection. Further studies are required in order to improve diagnostic criteria and treatment regimens.
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ISSN:1399-3003
1399-3003
DOI:10.1183/09031936.00076107