Women, labour and fertility: population growth in nineteenth century Java

The sharp increase in Java's population after 1830 is usually explained in terms of higher living standards and consequent lower mortality resulting from Dutch colonization, but there is little historical evidence supporting such an interpretation and much to refute it. An alternative view is t...

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Vydané v:	Mankind (Sydney) Ročník 14; číslo 5; s. 361
Hlavný autor:	Alexander, P
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	English
Vydavateľské údaje:	Australia 01.12.1984
Predmet:	Agriculture Asia Asia, Southeastern Biology Breast Feeding Contraception Demography Developing Countries Economics Employment Family Planning Services Fertility Health Health Manpower Health Resources Indonesia Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena Nutritional Physiological Phenomena Organization and Administration Politics Population Population Dynamics Population Growth Postpartum Period Reproduction Sexual Abstinence Social Class Social Planning Social Sciences Socioeconomic Factors Asia, Southeastern Asia Indonesia Demography Organization And Administration Rural Development Breast Feeding Socioeconomic Status Biology Labor Force > women Socioeconomic Factors Postpartum Women Reproduction Economic Development Sexual Abstinence Population Fertility > changes Demographic Factors Macroeconomic Factors Historical Demography Social Sciences Nutrition Population Growth Health Political Factors Contraception Family Planning Human Resources Puerperium Employment Status > women Economic Factors Asia Southeastern Asia Historical Survey Developing Countries Infant Nutrition Resources Agricultural Development Family Planning, Behavioral Methods Indonesia Population Dynamics
ISSN:	0025-2328
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Popis
Shrnutí:	The sharp increase in Java's population after 1830 is usually explained in terms of higher living standards and consequent lower mortality resulting from Dutch colonization, but there is little historical evidence supporting such an interpretation and much to refute it. An alternative view is that Java's population growth after 1830 was due to increasing fertility. The major constraint to Javanese fertility prior to this period has been extended periods of postpartum abstinence, the length of which was determined by the duration of breastfeeding, because people believed semen had deleterious effects on breast milk. In 1830 a system of forced cultivation of export crops was imposed by the Dutch rulers and greatly increased the amount of labor which Javanese households required to reproduce themselves. The arduous work women began to undertake made it increasingly difficult to breastfeed their children. As the average period of breastfeeding fell, the average period of postpartum abstinence declined and fertility increased.
Bibliografia:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0025-2328
DOI:	10.1111/j.1835-9310.1984.tb01261.x