Adaptive-Length Coding of Image Data for Low-Cost Approximate Storage

In the past few years, ever-increasing amounts of image data have been generated by users globally, and these images are routinely stored in cold storage systems in compressed formats. This article investigates the use of approximate storage that leverages the use of cheaper, lower reliability memor...

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Vydáno v:IEEE transactions on computers Ročník 69; číslo 2; s. 239 - 252
Hlavní autoři: Fan, Qianqian, Lilja, David J., Sapatnekar, Sachin S.
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: New York IEEE 01.02.2020
The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Témata:
Adaptive-length coding
approximate storage
Cold storage
Discrete cosine transforms
error-resilience
Huffman codes
Huffman coding
Image coding
Image compression
JPEG encoders-decoders
Reliability
Resilience
Storage systems
Transform coding
ISSN:0018-9340, 1557-9956
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Shrnutí:In the past few years, ever-increasing amounts of image data have been generated by users globally, and these images are routinely stored in cold storage systems in compressed formats. This article investigates the use of approximate storage that leverages the use of cheaper, lower reliability memories that can have higher error rates. Since traditional JPEG-based schemes based on variable-length coding are extremely sensitive to error, the direct use of approximate storage results in severe quality degradation. We propose an error-resilient adaptive-length coding (ALC) scheme that divides all symbols into two classes, based on their frequency of occurrence, where each class has a fixed-length codeword. This provides a balance between the reliability of fixed-length coding schemes, which have a high storage overhead, and the storage-efficiency of Huffman coding schemes, which show high levels of error on low-reliability storage platforms. Further, we use data partitioning to determine which bits are stored in approximate or reliable storage to lower the overall cost of storage. We show that ALC can be used with general non-volatile storage, and can substantially reduce the total cost compared to traditional JPEG-based storage.
Bibliografie:ObjectType-Article-1
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ISSN:0018-9340
1557-9956
DOI:10.1109/TC.2019.2946795