Estimating the potential health economic value of introducing universal opt-out testing for HIV in emergency departments in Italy

Abstract In Italy, an estimated 13 000–15 000 people have undiagnosed HIV, and in 2020, 60% of new diagnoses were late-stage (CD4 < 350 cells/mm3). In hospitals, including emergency departments (EDs), testing is largely limited to indicator-condition-guided testing (IC), with written consent univ...

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