Role and value of whole genome sequencing in studying tuberculosis transmission

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a serious public health threat worldwide. Theoretically ultimate resolution of whole genome sequencing (WGS) for Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) strain classification makes this technology very attractive for epidemiological investigations. To summarize the eviden...

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Vydáno v:Clinical microbiology and infection Ročník 25; číslo 11; s. 1377
Hlavní autoři: Nikolayevskyy, V, Niemann, S, Anthony, R, van Soolingen, D, Tagliani, E, Ködmön, C, van der Werf, M J, Cirillo, D M
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: England 01.11.2019
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Abstract Tuberculosis (TB) remains a serious public health threat worldwide. Theoretically ultimate resolution of whole genome sequencing (WGS) for Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) strain classification makes this technology very attractive for epidemiological investigations. To summarize the evidence available in peer-reviewed publications on the role and place of WGS in detection of TB transmission. A total of 69 peer-reviewed publications identified in Pubmed database. Evidence from >30 publications suggests that a cut-off value of fewer than six single nucleotide polymorphisms between strains efficiently excludes cases that are not the result of recent transmission and could be used for the identification of drug-sensitive isolates involved in direct human-to-human TB transmission. Sensitivity of WGS to identify epidemiologically linked isolates is high, reaching 100% in eight studies with specificity (17%-95%) highly dependent on the settings. Drug resistance and specific phylogenetic lineages may be associated with accelerated mutation rates affecting genetic distances. WGS can be potentially used to distinguish between true relapses and re-infections but in high-incidence low-diversity settings this would require consideration of epidemiological links and minority alleles. Data from four studies looking into within-host diversity highlight a need for developing criteria for acceptance or rejection of WGS relatedness results depending on the proportion of minority alleles. WGS will potentially allow for more targeted public health actions preventing unnecessary investigations of false clusters. Consensus on standardization of raw data quality control processing criteria, analytical pipelines and reporting language is yet to be reached.
AbstractList Tuberculosis (TB) remains a serious public health threat worldwide. Theoretically ultimate resolution of whole genome sequencing (WGS) for Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) strain classification makes this technology very attractive for epidemiological investigations. To summarize the evidence available in peer-reviewed publications on the role and place of WGS in detection of TB transmission. A total of 69 peer-reviewed publications identified in Pubmed database. Evidence from >30 publications suggests that a cut-off value of fewer than six single nucleotide polymorphisms between strains efficiently excludes cases that are not the result of recent transmission and could be used for the identification of drug-sensitive isolates involved in direct human-to-human TB transmission. Sensitivity of WGS to identify epidemiologically linked isolates is high, reaching 100% in eight studies with specificity (17%-95%) highly dependent on the settings. Drug resistance and specific phylogenetic lineages may be associated with accelerated mutation rates affecting genetic distances. WGS can be potentially used to distinguish between true relapses and re-infections but in high-incidence low-diversity settings this would require consideration of epidemiological links and minority alleles. Data from four studies looking into within-host diversity highlight a need for developing criteria for acceptance or rejection of WGS relatedness results depending on the proportion of minority alleles. WGS will potentially allow for more targeted public health actions preventing unnecessary investigations of false clusters. Consensus on standardization of raw data quality control processing criteria, analytical pipelines and reporting language is yet to be reached.
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a serious public health threat worldwide. Theoretically ultimate resolution of whole genome sequencing (WGS) for Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) strain classification makes this technology very attractive for epidemiological investigations.BACKGROUNDTuberculosis (TB) remains a serious public health threat worldwide. Theoretically ultimate resolution of whole genome sequencing (WGS) for Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) strain classification makes this technology very attractive for epidemiological investigations.To summarize the evidence available in peer-reviewed publications on the role and place of WGS in detection of TB transmission.OBJECTIVESTo summarize the evidence available in peer-reviewed publications on the role and place of WGS in detection of TB transmission.A total of 69 peer-reviewed publications identified in Pubmed database.SOURCESA total of 69 peer-reviewed publications identified in Pubmed database.Evidence from >30 publications suggests that a cut-off value of fewer than six single nucleotide polymorphisms between strains efficiently excludes cases that are not the result of recent transmission and could be used for the identification of drug-sensitive isolates involved in direct human-to-human TB transmission. Sensitivity of WGS to identify epidemiologically linked isolates is high, reaching 100% in eight studies with specificity (17%-95%) highly dependent on the settings. Drug resistance and specific phylogenetic lineages may be associated with accelerated mutation rates affecting genetic distances. WGS can be potentially used to distinguish between true relapses and re-infections but in high-incidence low-diversity settings this would require consideration of epidemiological links and minority alleles. Data from four studies looking into within-host diversity highlight a need for developing criteria for acceptance or rejection of WGS relatedness results depending on the proportion of minority alleles.CONTENTEvidence from >30 publications suggests that a cut-off value of fewer than six single nucleotide polymorphisms between strains efficiently excludes cases that are not the result of recent transmission and could be used for the identification of drug-sensitive isolates involved in direct human-to-human TB transmission. Sensitivity of WGS to identify epidemiologically linked isolates is high, reaching 100% in eight studies with specificity (17%-95%) highly dependent on the settings. Drug resistance and specific phylogenetic lineages may be associated with accelerated mutation rates affecting genetic distances. WGS can be potentially used to distinguish between true relapses and re-infections but in high-incidence low-diversity settings this would require consideration of epidemiological links and minority alleles. Data from four studies looking into within-host diversity highlight a need for developing criteria for acceptance or rejection of WGS relatedness results depending on the proportion of minority alleles.WGS will potentially allow for more targeted public health actions preventing unnecessary investigations of false clusters. Consensus on standardization of raw data quality control processing criteria, analytical pipelines and reporting language is yet to be reached.IMPLICATIONSWGS will potentially allow for more targeted public health actions preventing unnecessary investigations of false clusters. Consensus on standardization of raw data quality control processing criteria, analytical pipelines and reporting language is yet to be reached.
Author van der Werf, M J
Tagliani, E
Nikolayevskyy, V
Niemann, S
Anthony, R
van Soolingen, D
Ködmön, C
Cirillo, D M
Author_xml – sequence: 1
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  surname: Nikolayevskyy
  fullname: Nikolayevskyy, V
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  organization: Public Health England, London, UK; Imperial College, London, UK. Electronic address: vlad.nikolayevskyy@phe.gov.uk
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  surname: Niemann
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  organization: Molecular and Experimental Mycobacteriology, National Reference Centre for Mycobacteria, Research Centre, Borstel, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research, Borstel site, Germany
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  surname: Anthony
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  organization: Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory, Infectious Diseases Research, Diagnostics and Laboratory Surveillance, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
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  givenname: D
  surname: van Soolingen
  fullname: van Soolingen, D
  organization: Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory, Infectious Diseases Research, Diagnostics and Laboratory Surveillance, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
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  organization: Emerging Bacterial Pathogens Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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  organization: Emerging Bacterial Pathogens Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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Keywords Outbreak
Tuberculosis
Whole genome sequencing
Standardization
Transmission
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Snippet Tuberculosis (TB) remains a serious public health threat worldwide. Theoretically ultimate resolution of whole genome sequencing (WGS) for Mycobacterium...
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StartPage 1377
SubjectTerms Disease Transmission, Infectious
Humans
Molecular Epidemiology - methods
Mycobacterium tuberculosis - classification
Mycobacterium tuberculosis - genetics
Mycobacterium tuberculosis - isolation & purification
Sensitivity and Specificity
Tuberculosis - transmission
Whole Genome Sequencing - methods
Title Role and value of whole genome sequencing in studying tuberculosis transmission
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