Optimization and Validation of an Analytical Method for the Determination of Sweeteners in Beverages by HPLC-ELSD

A high-performance liquid chromatographic method with evaporative light scattering detection (HPLC-ELSD) was optimized for the simultaneous determination of non-caloric sweeteners—NCS (acesulfame-K, aspartame, cyclamic acid, neotame, saccharin, and sucralose) in non-alcoholic beverages. The procedur...

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Veröffentlicht in:Food analytical methods Jg. 17; H. 2; S. 207 - 225
Hauptverfasser: de Sousa, Roberto Cesar Santos, de Fatima Gomides, Maria, Costa, Karen, Ribeiro Cunha, Mariem R., de Oliveira Almeida, Mariana, Custódio, Flavia B., Gloria, Maria Beatriz A.
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: New York Springer US 01.02.2024
Springer Nature B.V
Schlagworte:
acesulfame potassium
Acids
Analytical Chemistry
Artificial sweeteners
Aspartame
average daily intake
Beverages
Carbonation
Chemistry
Chemistry and Materials Science
Chemistry/Food Science
Chromatography
Consumers
Figure of merit
filtration
Food additives
Food Science
Formic acid
High-performance liquid chromatography
Light scattering
markets
Methods
Microbiology
Nonalcoholic beverages
Recovery
risk
Saccharin
Soft drinks
Sucralose
Sugar
Sweeteners
Triethylamine
Urban areas
Water purification
Brazil
Germany
Aspartame
Saccharin
Cyclamate
Dilute and shoot
Intra-laboratory validation
Non-alcoholic beverages
Estimative daily intake
ISSN:1936-9751, 1936-976X
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Zusammenfassung:A high-performance liquid chromatographic method with evaporative light scattering detection (HPLC-ELSD) was optimized for the simultaneous determination of non-caloric sweeteners—NCS (acesulfame-K, aspartame, cyclamic acid, neotame, saccharin, and sucralose) in non-alcoholic beverages. The procedure involved a simple dilute-and-shoot extraction of the six NCS with a formic acid/triethylamine/water solution and filtration (0.22 μm) followed by an HPLC–ELSD analysis. Validation steps included regression of the analytical curve, recovery, repeatability, and intermediate precision (relative standard deviation—RSD and RSDip, respectively), and limits of quantification and detection (LOQ and LOD, respectively). The method allowed lower consumption of solvents in a 35-min run. The figures of merit were satisfactory for all sweeteners ( r 2 ≥ 0.99; recovery from 99.0 to 101%; RSD and RSDip both < 1.0; LOQ ≤ 4.0 μg/mL; LOD ≤ 1.33 μg/mL). The method was used in the analysis of NCS in 64 non-alcoholic beverages from the market. NCS were not detected in 19 samples that did not declare their use. Higher concentrations of aspartame were found in carbonated soft drinks (7.97 mg/100 mL) and powdered drinks (22.46 mg/100 mL), while nectars had higher levels of acesulfame-K (8.69 mg/100 mL) and sports drinks only had sucralose (1.66 mg/100 mL). The concentrations found were 54.1 up to 194.0% of declared levels. The estimated daily intake of NCS in non-alcoholic beverages by the Brazilian population indicated that men, adolescents, residents of urban areas, and inhabitants of the southern region are the most widely exposed to NCS, but the risk is characterized as low.
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ISSN:1936-9751
1936-976X
DOI:10.1007/s12161-023-02562-w