Insights gained through real-time monitoring of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and description of temporal trends based on laboratory data in Ontario, Canada

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is a prevalent pathogen that impacts the health of swine and is costly to the swine industry. This study utilized PRRSV test results from the University of Guelph's Animal Health Laboratory database to develop interactive, real-time da...

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Veröffentlicht in:	Frontiers in veterinary science Jg. 12; S. 1528422
Hauptverfasser:	Petukhova, Tatiana, Spinato, Maria, Rossi, Tanya, Guerin, Michele T., Bauman, Cathy A., Nelson-Smikle, Pauline, Ojkic, Davor, Poljak, Zvonimir
Format:	Journal Article
Sprache:	Englisch
Veröffentlicht:	Switzerland Frontiers Media S.A 29.01.2025
Schlagworte:	disease surveillance infectious respiratory disease porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus real time interactive visualizations restriction fragment length polymorphism pattern swine Veterinary Science swine infectious respiratory disease epidemiological data quality porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus real time interactive visualizations farm restriction fragment length polymorphism pattern disease surveillance
ISSN:	2297-1769, 2297-1769
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Abstract	Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is a prevalent pathogen that impacts the health of swine and is costly to the swine industry. This study utilized PRRSV test results from the University of Guelph's Animal Health Laboratory database to develop interactive, real-time dashboards and to monitor and investigate PRRSV data. The test results from Ontario swine herd samples submitted from January 2014 to July 2023 were processed in R v.4.1.1. The final optimized, aggregated, and anonymized datasets were exported to the Tableau server and were used to design dynamic real-time visualizations with Tableau Desktop v.2021.4. Constructed dashboards were: (1) monthly number of submissions and positive submissions over the last 10 years; (2) number of submissions and positive submissions over the last 3 years, interactively displayed at weekly, monthly, quarterly and yearly intervals; (3) monthly number of PRRSV restriction fragment length polymorphism pattern (RFLP) types at the submission level over the last 5 years; (4) weekly number of tested farms and positive farms over the last 6 Years; (5) monthly number of tested farms and positive farms over the last 6 Years; (6) indicators of the epidemiological data quality in each month; and (7) contextual information. Eighty different PRRSV RFLP patterns were identified with the predominant patterns being 1-8-4, 1-1-1, 1-4-2, and 2-5-2. Most farms contributed one submission per week or per month for PRRSV testing (median: 1 submission per week; IQR: 0; max: 13; median: 1 submission per month; IQR: 1, max: 31). Epidemiological data quality showed considerable improvements over the 9 years of investigation. Apparent changes in trends of submissions were visually observed when time series were stratified by reasons for submission and production class.
AbstractList	Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is a prevalent pathogen that impacts the health of swine and is costly to the swine industry. This study utilized PRRSV test results from the University of Guelph's Animal Health Laboratory database to develop interactive, real-time dashboards and to monitor and investigate PRRSV data. The test results from Ontario swine herd samples submitted from January 2014 to July 2023 were processed in R v.4.1.1. The final optimized, aggregated, and anonymized datasets were exported to the Tableau server and were used to design dynamic real-time visualizations with Tableau Desktop v.2021.4. Constructed dashboards were: (1) monthly number of submissions and positive submissions over the last 10 years; (2) number of submissions and positive submissions over the last 3 years, interactively displayed at weekly, monthly, quarterly and yearly intervals; (3) monthly number of PRRSV restriction fragment length polymorphism pattern (RFLP) types at the submission level over the last 5 years; (4) weekly number of tested farms and positive farms over the last 6 Years; (5) monthly number of tested farms and positive farms over the last 6 Years; (6) indicators of the epidemiological data quality in each month; and (7) contextual information. Eighty different PRRSV RFLP patterns were identified with the predominant patterns being 1-8-4, 1-1-1, 1-4-2, and 2-5-2. Most farms contributed one submission per week or per month for PRRSV testing (median: 1 submission per week; IQR: 0; max: 13; median: 1 submission per month; IQR: 1, max: 31). Epidemiological data quality showed considerable improvements over the 9 years of investigation. Apparent changes in trends of submissions were visually observed when time series were stratified by reasons for submission and production class.Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is a prevalent pathogen that impacts the health of swine and is costly to the swine industry. This study utilized PRRSV test results from the University of Guelph's Animal Health Laboratory database to develop interactive, real-time dashboards and to monitor and investigate PRRSV data. The test results from Ontario swine herd samples submitted from January 2014 to July 2023 were processed in R v.4.1.1. The final optimized, aggregated, and anonymized datasets were exported to the Tableau server and were used to design dynamic real-time visualizations with Tableau Desktop v.2021.4. Constructed dashboards were: (1) monthly number of submissions and positive submissions over the last 10 years; (2) number of submissions and positive submissions over the last 3 years, interactively displayed at weekly, monthly, quarterly and yearly intervals; (3) monthly number of PRRSV restriction fragment length polymorphism pattern (RFLP) types at the submission level over the last 5 years; (4) weekly number of tested farms and positive farms over the last 6 Years; (5) monthly number of tested farms and positive farms over the last 6 Years; (6) indicators of the epidemiological data quality in each month; and (7) contextual information. Eighty different PRRSV RFLP patterns were identified with the predominant patterns being 1-8-4, 1-1-1, 1-4-2, and 2-5-2. Most farms contributed one submission per week or per month for PRRSV testing (median: 1 submission per week; IQR: 0; max: 13; median: 1 submission per month; IQR: 1, max: 31). Epidemiological data quality showed considerable improvements over the 9 years of investigation. Apparent changes in trends of submissions were visually observed when time series were stratified by reasons for submission and production class. Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is a prevalent pathogen that impacts the health of swine and is costly to the swine industry. This study utilized PRRSV test results from the University of Guelph's Animal Health Laboratory database to develop interactive, real-time dashboards and to monitor and investigate PRRSV data. The test results from Ontario swine herd samples submitted from January 2014 to July 2023 were processed in R v.4.1.1. The final optimized, aggregated, and anonymized datasets were exported to the Tableau server and were used to design dynamic real-time visualizations with Tableau Desktop v.2021.4. Constructed dashboards were: (1) monthly number of submissions and positive submissions over the last 10 years; (2) number of submissions and positive submissions over the last 3 years, interactively displayed at weekly, monthly, quarterly and yearly intervals; (3) monthly number of PRRSV restriction fragment length polymorphism pattern (RFLP) types at the submission level over the last 5 years; (4) weekly number of tested farms and positive farms over the last 6 Years; (5) monthly number of tested farms and positive farms over the last 6 Years; (6) indicators of the epidemiological data quality in each month; and (7) contextual information. Eighty different PRRSV RFLP patterns were identified with the predominant patterns being 1-8-4, 1-1-1, 1-4-2, and 2-5-2. Most farms contributed one submission per week or per month for PRRSV testing (median: 1 submission per week; IQR: 0; max: 13; median: 1 submission per month; IQR: 1, max: 31). Epidemiological data quality showed considerable improvements over the 9 years of investigation. Apparent changes in trends of submissions were visually observed when time series were stratified by reasons for submission and production class.
Author	Poljak, Zvonimir Spinato, Maria Petukhova, Tatiana Rossi, Tanya Bauman, Cathy A. Nelson-Smikle, Pauline Ojkic, Davor Guerin, Michele T.
AuthorAffiliation	1 Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph , Guelph, ON , Canada 2 Animal Health Laboratory, Laboratory Services Division, University of Guelph , Guelph, ON , Canada
AuthorAffiliation_xml	– name: 2 Animal Health Laboratory, Laboratory Services Division, University of Guelph , Guelph, ON , Canada – name: 1 Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph , Guelph, ON , Canada
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Cites_doi	10.1016/j.prevetmed.2020.105211 10.1016/j.onehlt.2021.100338 10.1177/10406387211027221 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2017.10.012 10.1046/j.1469-0691.2003.00649.x 10.1128/JVI.02551-09 10.1016/j.virusres.2010.08.016 10.1186/s40813-019-0125-x 10.1016/j.meegid.2019.103999 10.1128/spectrum.02916-23 10.54846/jshap/428 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2023.105853 10.1177/10406387231190076 10.1177/104063879801000204 10.1109/TVCG.2022.3209493 10.54846/jshap/1269 10.1002/ajpa.1330320508 10.1016/J.PREVETMED.2014.05.010 10.1177/104063870201400415 10.1073/pnas.2003722118 10.1177/10406387211003910 10.3389/fvets.2024.1419340 10.1016/S0168-1702(03)00168-0 10.54846/jshap/1218
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Keywords	swine infectious respiratory disease epidemiological data quality porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus real time interactive visualizations farm restriction fragment length polymorphism pattern disease surveillance
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Notes	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 Edited by: Jesús Hernández, National Council of Science and Technology (CONACYT), Mexico Gustavo Silva, Iowa State University, United States Reviewed by: Jianqiang Zhang, Iowa State University, United States
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References	Petukhova (B8) 2023; 35 B25 Wesley (B12) 1998; 10 Trevisan (B9) 2021; 33 Silva (B6) 2017; 148 Linhares (B1) 2014; 116 Zhang (B21) 2023; 29 Trevisan (B23) 2019; 5 Mazeri (B18) 2021; 118 Shi (B30) 2010; 84 B10 B13 Corzo (B2) 2010; 154 B14 Osemeke (B4) 2022; 30 B15 Petukhova (B34) 2021; 13 B16 B17 Reicks (B24) 2006; 14 Yim-im (B33) 2023; 11 Williams (B11) 1989; 32 B19 Zeller (B32) 2024; 11 Cai (B26); 14 B5 Melmer (B27) 2021; 85 B7 Lambert (B31) 2019; 74 Vilalta (B22) 2021; 186 Larochelle (B28) 2003; 96 Holtkamp (B3) 2021; 29 Miltenburg (B35) 2021; 33 Sobkowich (B20) 2023; 212 Gil-Lamaignere (B29) 2003; 9
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SubjectTerms	disease surveillance infectious respiratory disease porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus real time interactive visualizations restriction fragment length polymorphism pattern swine Veterinary Science
Title	Insights gained through real-time monitoring of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and description of temporal trends based on laboratory data in Ontario, Canada
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