Certified to succeed? Multilevel analysis of the effects of teacher certification on educator well-being and student outcomes in Indonesia

The teacher certification program in Indonesia has been implemented for two decades, yet its impact on teacher well-being, student well-being, and educational outcomes remains underexplored. This study examines these relationships using multilevel path analysis on data from 1319 secondary school stu...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Teaching and teacher education Vol. 162; p. 105069
Main Authors: Nawas, Abu, Darmawan, I. Gusti Ngurah, Maadad, Nina
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier Ltd 01.08.2025
Subjects:
Learning outcomes
Multilevel analysis
Student well-being
Teacher certification
Teacher well-being
Teacher certification
Multilevel analysis
Student well-being
Learning outcomes
Teacher well-being
ISSN:0742-051X
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:The teacher certification program in Indonesia has been implemented for two decades, yet its impact on teacher well-being, student well-being, and educational outcomes remains underexplored. This study examines these relationships using multilevel path analysis on data from 1319 secondary school students across 64 classrooms. Results show certification positively affects teacher job satisfaction (β = .45) and reduces student learning anxiety (β = −.11). Indirect effects on achievement were mediated by teacher efficacy, collaboration, and motivation. However, no significant effects on student well-being were found, highlighting the need to reassess the certification framework to better support both teachers and students. •Certified teachers have high job satisfaction and reduce student learning anxiety.•Teacher certification affects teacher well-being and student learning outcomes.•No direct and indirect effects of teacher certification on student well-being.
ISSN:0742-051X
DOI:10.1016/j.tate.2025.105069