Water flow and sediment transport at open-channel confluences: an experimental study

The knowledge of the dynamics of urban channel confluences is insufficient as most past studies have focused on natural river confluences. This paper reports experimental observations on bed morphology and hydrodynamics of the urban confluences and their dependence to the discharge ratio. Typical hy...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of hydraulic research Vol. 56; no. 3; pp. 333 - 350
Main Authors: Yuan, Saiyu, Tang, Hongwu, Xiao, Yang, Qiu, Xuehan, Xia, Yang
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Madrid Taylor & Francis 04.05.2018
Taylor & Francis Ltd
Subjects:
Bed morphology
Dependence
Discharge
Downwelling
Dynamics
flow structure
Flow velocity
Fluid dynamics
Fluid flow
Helical flow
Hydrodynamics
Morphology
Ocean circulation
open-channel confluence
Ridges
Rivers
Scour
Sediment
Sediment transport
Shear
shear layer
Transportation corridors
Upwelling
Water flow
ISSN:0022-1686, 1814-2079
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:The knowledge of the dynamics of urban channel confluences is insufficient as most past studies have focused on natural river confluences. This paper reports experimental observations on bed morphology and hydrodynamics of the urban confluences and their dependence to the discharge ratio. Typical hydrodynamic and morphological features such as the shear layer, helical cells, bars and scour holes are identified. Nevertheless, the presence of a region of low-velocity flow for a small discharge ratio differs from results obtained in previous studies. Two sand ridges associated with the corridors of the eroded sediment from the scour holes merge into a mid-stream bar. Results also show that the intense shear towards the bed by downwelling and upwelling flows involved in helical motions is responsible for the mid-stream scour hole.
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content type line 14
ISSN:0022-1686
1814-2079
DOI:10.1080/00221686.2017.1354932