Non-negative matrix factorization reveals seasonal and sex-specific metabolic tactics in tropical tilapia

Understanding metabolic adaptations to seasonal fluctuations in ectothermic organisms is challenging, especially in tropical species where physiological responses are more pronounced than in temperate or polar counterparts. Traditional analytical methods often fail to account for the complex metabol...

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Veröffentlicht in:Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part D, Genomics & proteomics Jg. 55; S. 101448
Hauptverfasser: Wang, Min-Chen, Wang, Ching-Wei, Furukawa, Fumiya, Lin, Ching-Chun, Lin, Tzu-Hao, Tseng, Yung-Che
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: Netherlands Elsevier Inc 01.09.2025
Schlagworte:
algorithms
Animals
aspartic acid
blood serum
cold
ectothermy
Environmental adaptaion
epigenetics
Fatty Acids - metabolism
Female
genomics
glycolysis
Male
metabolites
Metabolome
Metabolomics
Metabolomics - methods
Nonnegative matrix factorization
Phenotypic plasticity
proteomics
quantitative analysis
Seasons
Sex Characteristics
Sexual dimorphism
species
Tilapia - blood
Tilapia - metabolism
Tilapia - physiology
Tropical Climate
Tropical fish
Phenotypic plasticity
Tropical fish
Metabolomics
Environmental adaptaion
Sexual dimorphism
Nonnegative matrix factorization
ISSN:1744-117X, 1878-0407, 1878-0407
Online-Zugang:Volltext
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Zusammenfassung:Understanding metabolic adaptations to seasonal fluctuations in ectothermic organisms is challenging, especially in tropical species where physiological responses are more pronounced than in temperate or polar counterparts. Traditional analytical methods often fail to account for the complex metabolic adjustments that are present in these substantial responses, and the high-dimensional characteristics of metabolomic data complicate the interpretation process when using conventional statistical methods. We utilized Non-negative Matrix Factorization (NMF), an unsupervised machine learning algorithm, to analyze monthly serum metabolomics data from tilapia over a year in order to overcome these limits. A deeper analysis using NMF demonstrated that carbohydrates gained prominence during warmer months, as evidenced by consistently elevated weights of glycolysis intermediates in our quantitative analysis. Furthermore, fatty acids remained an important factor in both warm and cold seasons. Amino acids emerged as particularly versatile metabolites, exhibiting adaptability during seasonal transitions. This flexibility suggests their crucial role in coordinating energy-related adaptations and potentially facilitating epigenetic and reproductive responses to changing environments. Serum aspartate composition during the warm-cold transition indicated sex-specific metabolic strategies, as sexual dimorphism was observed in the seasonal utilization of fatty acids and aspartate. Collectively, NMF objectively assesses the metabolic tactics of tropical fish and reveals latent patterns in real-world metabolic dynamics. Consequently, it possesses the potential to facilitate metabolomics-driven species conservation in response to environmental changes. [Display omitted] •Novel machine learning approach reveals seasonal metabolic plasticity in tropical fish.•Unexpected dominance of carbohydrate metabolism in warmer seasons despite glucose intolerance.•Biphasic fatty acid utilization serves distinct functions across temperature ranges.•Sex-specific metabolic strategies emerge during seasonal reproductive transitions.•Coordinated amino acid dynamics suggest roles beyond energy metabolism.
Bibliographie:ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
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ISSN:1744-117X
1878-0407
1878-0407
DOI:10.1016/j.cbd.2025.101448