Ionic liquids in dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction

•Ionic liquids (ILs) applied in dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME).•Dispersive solvents (organics, surfactants or hydrophilic ILs) not always needed.•Summary of determinations of metals and organic compounds in various samples.•IL-based surfactants can be used for solids analysis and i...

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Published in:TrAC, Trends in analytical chemistry (Regular ed.) Vol. 51; pp. 87 - 106
Main Authors: Trujillo-Rodríguez, María J., Rocío-Bautista, Priscilla, Pino, Verónica, Afonso, Ana M.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier B.V 01.11.2013
Subjects:
Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction
hydrophilicity
Ionic liquid
ionic liquids
liquid-phase microextraction
Metal
metals
microwave treatment
Microwave-assisted
Organic compound
organic compounds
Organic solvent
Preconcentration
Surfactant
surfactants
Ultrasound-assisted
Vortex-assisted
PAR
Vortex-assisted
SPE
Microwave-assisted
Metal
Surfactant
FAAS
Pyrr
SDME
Ionic liquid
SPME
Ultrasound-assisted
Organic compound
Preconcentration
US
LOD
CIAME
EF
DNPH
RSD
VWD
IL
SDS
MS
FO-LADS
C16
Py
MW
ER
Vdrop
Cinitial
Vis-UV
FI-HG
MeOH
Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction
OES
DLLME
FD
CRM
LPME
RR
5-Br-PADAP
Im
LLE
EtOH
M
1N2N
EFmax
C2
C3
C4
HYD
C6
C8
ETAAS
ESI
GC
HPLC
ISFME
CE
DDTP
4-AAP
DAD
Vinitial
ACN
Cdrop
APDC
DDTC
BF4
Organic solvent
TMK
FAP
NTf2
PAH
ICP
GFAAS
8-QOH
ISSN:0165-9936, 1879-3142
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:•Ionic liquids (ILs) applied in dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME).•Dispersive solvents (organics, surfactants or hydrophilic ILs) not always needed.•Summary of determinations of metals and organic compounds in various samples.•IL-based surfactants can be used for solids analysis and in-situ IL-DLLME. In this review, we summarize the most recent analytical developments aimed at employing Ionic liquids (ILs) in dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME). Four main operation modes can be distinguished: (1) conventional IL-DLLME; (2) temperature-controlled IL-DLLME; (3a) ultrasound-assisted, (3b) microwave-assisted or (3c) vortex-assisted IL-DLLME; and, (4) in-situ IL-DLLME. In these modes, the dispersive solvent can be an organic solvent, a surfactant, or a hydrophilic IL. In some cases, a dispersive solvent is not even necessary. We discuss practical applications of IL-DLLME to determine metals and organic compounds in a variety of samples.
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ISSN:0165-9936
1879-3142
DOI:10.1016/j.trac.2013.06.008