Various Natural and Anthropogenic Factors Responsible for Water Quality Degradation: A Review

Recognition of sustainability issues around water resource consumption is gaining traction under global warming and land utilization complexities. These concerns increase the challenge of gaining an appropriate comprehension of the anthropogenic activities and natural processes, as well as how they...

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Vydáno v:Water (Basel) Ročník 13; číslo 19; s. 2660
Hlavní autoři: Akhtar, Naseem, Syakir Ishak, Muhammad Izzuddin, Bhawani, Showkat Ahmad, Umar, Khalid
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: Basel MDPI AG 01.10.2021
Témata:
Agriculture
Animals
aquatic environment
Aquifers
Chemical compounds
Classification
Climate change
Contamination
Drinking water
fluorides
Groundwater
Heavy metals
Hydrology
hyporheic zone
Industrial wastes
land use
laws and regulations
liquids
nitrogen
Pathogens
Pesticides
Pollutants
Power plants
prediction
Rivers
soil
Surface water
urban development
Water pollution
Water quality
Water treatment
United States > US
ISSN:2073-4441, 2073-4441
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Shrnutí:Recognition of sustainability issues around water resource consumption is gaining traction under global warming and land utilization complexities. These concerns increase the challenge of gaining an appropriate comprehension of the anthropogenic activities and natural processes, as well as how they influence the quality of surface water and groundwater systems. The characteristics of water resources cause difficulties in the comprehensive assessment regarding the source types, pathways, and pollutants behaviors. As the behavior and prediction of widely known contaminants in the water resources remain challenging, some new issues have developed regarding heavy metal pollutants. The main aim of this review is to focus on certain essential pollutants’ discharge from anthropogenic activities categorized based on land-use sectors such as industrial applications (solid/liquid wastes, chemical compounds, mining activities, spills, and leaks), urban development (municipal wastes, land use practices, and others), and agricultural practices (pesticides and fertilizers). Further, important pollutants released from natural processes classified based on climate change, natural disasters, geological factors, soil/matrix, and hyporheic exchange in the aquatic environment, are also discussed. Moreover, this study addresses the major inorganic substances (nitrogen, fluoride, and heavy metals concentrations). This study also emphasizes the necessity of transdisciplinary research and cross-border communication to achieve sustainable water quality using sound science, adaptable legislation, and management systems.
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ISSN:2073-4441
2073-4441
DOI:10.3390/w13192660