Carbon dots and fluorescein: The ideal FRET pair for the fabrication of a precise and fully reversible ammonia sensor

[Display omitted] Monitoring of ammonia in the gas phase, a ubiquitous bulk chemical, is of paramount importance to ensure the safety of industrial workers. The present paper describes a solid-state optical ammonia sensor based on Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) between narrowly dispersed b...

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Vydáno v:Sensors and actuators. B, Chemical Ročník 253; s. 714 - 722
Hlavní autoři: Hsu, C.-P., Hejazi, Z., Armagan, E., Zhao, S., Schmid, M., Zhang, H., Guo, H., Weidenbacher, L., Rossi, R.M., Koebel, M.M., Boesel, L.F., Toncelli, C.
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: Lausanne Elsevier B.V 01.12.2017
Elsevier Science Ltd
Témata:
Ammonia
Ammonia sensor
Carbon
Carbon dots
Chemical compounds
Energy transfer
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acids
Fluorescein
Fluorescence
Förster resonance energy transfer
Hydrogen peroxide
Hydrophobic surfaces
Hydrophobicity
Microscopy
Organic chemistry
Pyrolysis
Reproducibility
Sensors
Sol-gel processes
Spectrum analysis
X ray photoelectron spectroscopy
Förster resonance energy transfer
Ammonia sensor
Carbon dots
Hydrophobic surfaces
ISSN:0925-4005, 1873-3077
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Shrnutí:[Display omitted] Monitoring of ammonia in the gas phase, a ubiquitous bulk chemical, is of paramount importance to ensure the safety of industrial workers. The present paper describes a solid-state optical ammonia sensor based on Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) between narrowly dispersed blue-emitting carbon nanodots (CNDs) as FRET donor and fluorescein as FRET acceptor. The fluorophores were physically entrapped in a close to superhydrophobic sol–gel matrix, in turn deposited on a PVDF-HFP electrospun fiber membrane. The CNDs were synthesized via pyrolysis of ethylenediaminetetracetic acid (EDTA) in the presence of a hydrogen peroxide solution. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) confirmed a high surface coverage of hydrophilic groups, which is a result the addition of hydrogen peroxide in the reaction mixture. This translates into higher electrostatic interactions between ammonia and the fluorophores, in turn related to reduced FRET inter-distance between fluorescein and CNDs. If calibrated with respect to the fluorescein signal, the sensor shows a linear calibration with a remarkably low limit of detection, i.e. 110ppb, and adequate reproducibility up to six N2/NH3 cycles.
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ISSN:0925-4005
1873-3077
DOI:10.1016/j.snb.2017.07.001