Single‐Stage Optimized Microwave‐Induced Activated Carbon from Coconut Shell for Cadmium Adsorption

The toxicity of heavy metals motivated the synthesis of coconut shell‐based activated carbon (CSAC) through single‐stage microwave irradiation technique to scavenge cadmium ions (Cd(II)). Response surface methodology revealed the optimum radiation power and radiation time which translated into 85.45...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Chemical engineering & technology Vol. 45; no. 11; pp. 1943 - 1951
Main Authors: Yusop, Mohamad Firdaus Mohamad, Mohd Johan Jaya, Erniza, Mohd Din, Azam Taufik, Bello, Olugbenga Solomon, Ahmad, Mohd Azmier
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Frankfurt Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.11.2022
Subjects:
Activated carbon
Cadmium
Cadmium adsorption
Coconut shell
Enthalpy
Entropy of activation
Heavy metals
Microwave irradiation
Response surface methodology
Toxicity
ISSN:0930-7516, 1521-4125
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:The toxicity of heavy metals motivated the synthesis of coconut shell‐based activated carbon (CSAC) through single‐stage microwave irradiation technique to scavenge cadmium ions (Cd(II)). Response surface methodology revealed the optimum radiation power and radiation time which translated into 85.45 % of Cd(II) removal and 41.78 % of CSAC's yield. Isotherm and kinetic data were best described by Freundlich and pseudo‐first‐order (PFO) models, respectively. The changes of enthalpy, entropy, and activation energy were determined as well as the reduction of CSAC yield and Cd(II) removal after six regeneration cycles. Conversion of coconut shell into activated carbon (AC) to remove Cd(II) ions from wastewater was successfully optimized by using response surface methodology with radiation power and radiation time as variables. The optimized coconut shell‐based AC (CSAC) was verified in terms of isotherm and kinetic behavior. Regeneration study showed that CSAC can withstand the regeneration cycles multiple times.
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ISSN:0930-7516
1521-4125
DOI:10.1002/ceat.202200051