Unmanned Aerial Vehicles in Smart Agriculture: Applications, Requirements, and Challenges

In the next few years, smart farming will reach each and every nook of the world. The prospects of using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) for smart farming are immense. However, the cost and the ease in controlling UAVs for smart farming might play an important role for motivating farmers to use UAVs...

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Published in:	IEEE sensors journal Vol. 21; no. 16; pp. 17608 - 17619
Main Authors:	Reddy Maddikunta, Praveen Kumar, Hakak, Saqib, Alazab, Mamoun, Bhattacharya, Sweta, Gadekallu, Thippa Reddy, Khan, Wazir Zada, Pham, Quoc-Viet
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	New York IEEE 15.08.2021 The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subjects:	Agriculture agriculture sensors and crops monitoring Bluetooth bluetooth low energy Digital agriculture Farmers Farming Intelligent sensors precision agriculture Radio waves Remote control Sensors smart agriculture smart farming smart fields Smart sensors Smartphones Technology transfer Temperature sensors Unmanned aerial vehicles Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) Wireless sensor networks
ISSN:	1530-437X, 1558-1748
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Abstract	In the next few years, smart farming will reach each and every nook of the world. The prospects of using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) for smart farming are immense. However, the cost and the ease in controlling UAVs for smart farming might play an important role for motivating farmers to use UAVs in farming. Mostly, UAVs are controlled by remote controllers using radio waves. There are several technologies such as Wi-Fi or ZigBee that are also used for controlling UAVs. However, Smart Bluetooth (also referred to as Bluetooth Low Energy) is a wireless technology used to transfer data over short distances. Smart Bluetooth is cheaper than other technologies and has the advantage of being available on every smart phone. Farmers can use any smart phone to operate their respective UAVs along with Bluetooth Smart enabled agricultural sensors in the future. However, certain requirements and challenges need to be addressed before UAVs can be operated for smart agriculture-related applications. Hence, in this article, an attempt has been made to explore the types of sensors suitable for smart farming, potential requirements and challenges for operating UAVs in smart agriculture. We have also identified the future applications of using UAVs in smart farming.
AbstractList	In the next few years, smart farming will reach each and every nook of the world. The prospects of using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) for smart farming are immense. However, the cost and the ease in controlling UAVs for smart farming might play an important role for motivating farmers to use UAVs in farming. Mostly, UAVs are controlled by remote controllers using radio waves. There are several technologies such as Wi-Fi or ZigBee that are also used for controlling UAVs. However, Smart Bluetooth (also referred to as Bluetooth Low Energy) is a wireless technology used to transfer data over short distances. Smart Bluetooth is cheaper than other technologies and has the advantage of being available on every smart phone. Farmers can use any smart phone to operate their respective UAVs along with Bluetooth Smart enabled agricultural sensors in the future. However, certain requirements and challenges need to be addressed before UAVs can be operated for smart agriculture-related applications. Hence, in this article, an attempt has been made to explore the types of sensors suitable for smart farming, potential requirements and challenges for operating UAVs in smart agriculture. We have also identified the future applications of using UAVs in smart farming.
Author	Khan, Wazir Zada Reddy Maddikunta, Praveen Kumar Hakak, Saqib Gadekallu, Thippa Reddy Bhattacharya, Sweta Pham, Quoc-Viet Alazab, Mamoun
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Praveen Kumar orcidid: 0000-0003-4209-2495 surname: Reddy Maddikunta fullname: Reddy Maddikunta, Praveen Kumar email: praveenkumarreddy@vit.ac.in organization: School of Information Technology and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India – sequence: 2 givenname: Saqib orcidid: 0000-0002-6670-1032 surname: Hakak fullname: Hakak, Saqib email: saqibhakak@gmail.com organization: Faculty of Computer Science, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, Canada – sequence: 3 givenname: Mamoun orcidid: 0000-0002-1928-3704 surname: Alazab fullname: Alazab, Mamoun email: alazab.m@ieee.org organization: College of Engineering, IT and Environment, Charles Darwin University, Casuarina, NT, Australia – sequence: 4 givenname: Sweta surname: Bhattacharya fullname: Bhattacharya, Sweta email: sweta.b@vit.ac.in organization: School of Information Technology and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India – sequence: 5 givenname: Thippa Reddy surname: Gadekallu fullname: Gadekallu, Thippa Reddy email: thippareddy.g@vit.ac.in organization: School of Information Technology and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India – sequence: 6 givenname: Wazir Zada orcidid: 0000-0003-0819-4236 surname: Khan fullname: Khan, Wazir Zada email: wazirzadakhan@yahoo.com organization: Faculty of Computing, Capital University of Science and Technology (CUST), Islamabad, Pakistan – sequence: 7 givenname: Quoc-Viet orcidid: 0000-0002-9485-9216 surname: Pham fullname: Pham, Quoc-Viet email: vietpq@pusan.ac.kr organization: Research Institute of Computer, Information and Communication, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
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Snippet	In the next few years, smart farming will reach each and every nook of the world. The prospects of using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) for smart farming are...
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SubjectTerms	Agriculture agriculture sensors and crops monitoring Bluetooth bluetooth low energy Digital agriculture Farmers Farming Intelligent sensors precision agriculture Radio waves Remote control Sensors smart agriculture smart farming smart fields Smart sensors Smartphones Technology transfer Temperature sensors Unmanned aerial vehicles Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) Wireless sensor networks
Title	Unmanned Aerial Vehicles in Smart Agriculture: Applications, Requirements, and Challenges
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