A 65-81 GHz CMOS Dual-Mode VCO Using High Quality Factor Transformer-Based Inductors

This paper presents a wide-tuning range dual-mode millimeter wave (mm-wave) voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) incorporating high quality-factor (Q) transformer-based variable inductors. A high Q switched inductor with two different values is proposed by constructing the load of a transformer of a...

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Vydáno v:IEEE transactions on circuits and systems. I, Regular papers Ročník 67; číslo 12; s. 4533 - 4543
Hlavní autoři: Basaligheh, Ali, Saffari, Parvaneh, Filanovsky, Igor M., Moez, Kambiz
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: New York IEEE 01.12.2020
The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Témata:
Capacitors
CMOS
CMOS technology
dual-mode VCO
Inductors
Millimeter waves
Millimeter-wave oscillator
Power consumption
Q factors
Q-factor
Switches
transformer-based inductor
Transformers
Tuning
varactor
Varactors
voltage controlled oscillator
Voltage controlled oscillators
wide frequency tuning range
ISSN:1549-8328, 1558-0806
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Shrnutí:This paper presents a wide-tuning range dual-mode millimeter wave (mm-wave) voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) incorporating high quality-factor (Q) transformer-based variable inductors. A high Q switched inductor with two different values is proposed by constructing the load of a transformer of a high Q fixed capacitor in series with a lossless switch structure that does not add any loss to the LC-tank as implemented by changing the signals mode across the capacitor. By choosing a proper center frequency for each mode and sufficient frequency overlap, a wide frequency tuning range (FTR) mm-wave VCO can be designed. It provides almost twice higher tuning range while keeping phase noise (PN) nearly the same as the two-mode VCO designed with two standalone inductors. Fabricated in a 65 nm CMOS process, the VCO demonstrates the measured FTR of 22.8% from 64.88 to 81.6 GHz range. The measured peak PN at 10 MHz offset is -114.63 dBc/Hz and the maximum and minimum corresponding figures of merit FOM and FOM<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">_{\mathbf {T}} </tex-math></inline-formula> are -173.9 to -181.84 dB and -181.07 to -189 dB, respectively. The VCO cores consume 10.2 mA current from 1 V power supply, and the occupied area is <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">0.146\times 0.205 </tex-math></inline-formula> mm<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">^{\mathbf {2}} </tex-math></inline-formula>.
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ISSN:1549-8328
1558-0806
DOI:10.1109/TCSI.2020.3004859