A Novel Active Equalization Method for Series-Connected Battery Packs Based on Clustering Analysis With Genetic Algorithm

Battery pack performance is the main concern for electric vehicles and energy storage systems. However, charge imbalance is inevitable due to inconsistent manufacturing techniques and environmental conditions. Charge imbalance reduces the power performance and available energy of battery packs. Henc...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE transactions on power electronics Vol. 36; no. 7; pp. 7853 - 7865
Main Authors: Jinlei, Sun, Wei, Liu, Chuanyu, Tang, Tianru, Wang, Tao, Jiang, Yong, Tang
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: New York IEEE 01.07.2021
The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subjects:
Batteries
Battery management
bidirectional equalization
Circuits
Cluster analysis
Clustering
clustering analysis
Electric vehicles
Energy storage
Equalization
genetic algorithm
Genetic algorithms
Inductors
lithium batteries
State of charge
Storage systems
Switches
Target recognition
Topology
ISSN:0885-8993, 1941-0107
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Battery pack performance is the main concern for electric vehicles and energy storage systems. However, charge imbalance is inevitable due to inconsistent manufacturing techniques and environmental conditions. Charge imbalance reduces the power performance and available energy of battery packs. Hence, it is necessary to perform battery equalization. This article proposes an active equalization circuit and a novel equalization strategy to achieve energy redistribution. A bidirectional equalization topology consisting of a forward transformer and switch matrix is proposed first. Then, an innovative equalization strategy based on clustering analysis and genetic algorithm (GA) is developed. Clustering analysis is introduced to identify the target cells to be balanced. To further increase the speed of the equalization process, GA is employed to optimize the classification results. Finally, a series of experiments were conducted to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed topology and the strategy. Both the simulation and experimental results validate that the proposed equalization strategy not only improves the inconsistency but also increases the equalization speed. In practical battery pack experiments, the pack capacity is improved by 16.84% after equalization, and the equalization time is decreased by 23.8% using the proposed method.
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ISSN:0885-8993
1941-0107
DOI:10.1109/TPEL.2021.3049166