Two-Dimensional Channel Parameter Estimation for Millimeter-Wave Systems Using Butler Matrices

In this paper, a novel two-dimensional parameter estimation method is proposed for frequency-selective millimeter-wave (mmWave) channels by probing a limited number of Kronecker products of discrete Fourier transform (DFT) beams, which are efficiently implemented in the analog domain by a novel comb...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE transactions on wireless communications Vol. 20; no. 4; pp. 2670 - 2684
Main Authors: Fazal-E-Asim, Antreich, Felix, Cavalcante, Charles C., de Almeida, Andre L. F., Nossek, Josef A.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: New York IEEE 01.04.2021
The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subjects:
Algorithms
Antennas
AoD estimation
Array signal processing
Butler matrices
Butler matrix
Channel estimation
CRLB
Discrete Fourier transforms
Estimation
Fourier transforms
hybrid beamforming
Interpolation
Lower bounds
millimeter wave
Millimeter waves
modified-PREIDG
Parameter estimation
Parameter modification
Signal to noise ratio
space-alternating generalized expectation maximization
ISSN:1536-1276, 1558-2248
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:In this paper, a novel two-dimensional parameter estimation method is proposed for frequency-selective millimeter-wave (mmWave) channels by probing a limited number of Kronecker products of discrete Fourier transform (DFT) beams, which are efficiently implemented in the analog domain by a novel combination of Butler matrices. The proposed strategy firstly estimates the channel parameters by using a modified parameter estimation via interpolation based on a DFT grid (PREIDG) algorithm. In a second step, high-resolution channel parameter estimation is achieved even in the low signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) using the space-alternating generalized expectation-maximization (SAGE) algorithm. The proposed modified PREIDG algorithm outperforms state-of-the-art methods, e.g., the auxiliary beam pair (ABP) method while the SAGE algorithm achieves the derived Cramér-Rao lower bound (CRLB). Numerical results demonstrate that excellent estimation performance can be achieved for angle of departure (AoD) azimuth and elevation with addition to delay and complex path gain of each path even in the low SNR regime.
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ISSN:1536-1276
1558-2248
DOI:10.1109/TWC.2020.3043958