Revisiting Performance Models of Distal Pointing Tasks in Virtual Reality

Performance models of interaction, such as Fitts' law, are important tools for predicting and explaining human motor performance and for designing high-performance user interfaces. Extensive prior work has proposed such models for the 3D interaction task of distal pointing, in which the user po...

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Vydáno v:IEEE transactions on visualization and computer graphics Ročník 31; číslo 10; s. 8283 - 8296
Hlavní autoři: Lane, Logan, Lu, Feiyu, Davari, Shakiba, Teather, Robert J., Bowman, Doug A.
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: United States IEEE 01.10.2025
Témata:
Computational modeling
Data models
Hands
human-centered computing–human computer interaction (HCI)–interaction paradigms–virtual reality
Human-centered computing–human computer interaction (HCI)–Interaction techniques–pointing
Performance evaluation
Predictive models
Size measurement
Solid modeling
Three-dimensional displays
User interfaces
ISSN:1077-2626, 1941-0506, 1941-0506
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Shrnutí:Performance models of interaction, such as Fitts' law, are important tools for predicting and explaining human motor performance and for designing high-performance user interfaces. Extensive prior work has proposed such models for the 3D interaction task of distal pointing, in which the user points their hand or a device at a distant target in order to select it. However, there is no consensus on how to compute the index of difficulty for distal pointing tasks. We present a preliminary study suggesting that existing models may not be sufficient to model distal pointing performance with current virtual reality technologies. Based on these results, we hypothesized that both the form of the model and the standard method for collecting empirical data for pointing tasks might need to change in order to achieve a more accurate and valid distal pointing model. In our main study, we used a new methodology to collect distal pointing data and evaluated traditional models, purely ballistic models, and two-part models. Ultimately, we found that the best model used a simple Fitts'-law-style index of difficulty with angular measures of amplitude and width.
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ISSN:1077-2626
1941-0506
1941-0506
DOI:10.1109/TVCG.2025.3567078