The Effect of Thyroid Function on GDF15 Levels

Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is a stress-response cytokine, which exerts different actions in physiological and pathological conditions. Thyroid disorders are common in the general population and their role on GDF15 levels has not been sufficiently addressed. Serum levels of GDF-15 and t...

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Published in:International journal of molecular sciences Vol. 26; no. 22; p. 11073
Main Authors: Profili, Nicia I., Fiorillo, Edoardo, Orrù, Valeria, Cucca, Francesco, Delitala, Alessandro P.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 16.11.2025
Subjects:
Acute coronary syndromes
Adult
Aged
Antibodies
Apixaban
Apoptosis
Atherosclerosis
Autoantibodies - blood
Cardiac arrhythmia
Cardiovascular disease
Cardiovascular system
Cytokines
Diabetes
Female
Females
Growth Differentiation Factor 15 - blood
Heart attacks
Heart failure
Humans
Hypertension
Hyperthyroidism
Hypothyroidism
Iodide Peroxidase - immunology
Lipids
Male
Metabolism
Middle Aged
Mortality
Physiological aspects
Thyroid diseases
Thyroid Diseases - blood
Thyroid gland
Thyroid Gland - metabolism
Thyroid Gland - physiology
Thyrotropin
Thyrotropin - blood
Thyroxine
Thyroxine - blood
Type 2 diabetes
Valsartan
Viral antibodies
Italy
TSH
cardiovascular disease
thyrotropin
thyroid hormone
GDF-15
ISSN:1422-0067, 1661-6596, 1422-0067
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is a stress-response cytokine, which exerts different actions in physiological and pathological conditions. Thyroid disorders are common in the general population and their role on GDF15 levels has not been sufficiently addressed. Serum levels of GDF-15 and thyroid function were assessed in a large sample from the SardiNIA cohort (n = 4413). We further collected antibodies against thyroperoxidase and anti-thyroglobulin in all participants. Thyroid function correlated with GDF15. Specifically, after adjusting for covariates, thyrotropin had a positive association with GDF15, while free thyroxine was negatively correlated. We also found that subjects with circulating antibodies against thyroperoxidase had lower GDF15 levels. The reduced level of the thyroid hormone can cause a decreased metabolic activity and higher cell stress response, which, in turn, increases the production of GDF-15 as a defense mechanism. The association between antibodies against thyroperoxidase and GDF15 deserves additional study to elucidate the pathophysiologic relationship.
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ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms262211073