Stable electron-irradiated [1- 13 C]alanine radicals for metabolic imaging with dynamic nuclear polarization

Dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (dDNP) increases the sensitivity of magnetic resonance experiments by >10 4 -fold, permitting isotopically labeled molecules to be transiently visible in magnetic resonance imaging scans. dDNP mechanistically takes place at ~1 K and requires unpaired elect...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Science advances Vol. 11; no. 47; p. eadz4334
Main Authors: Rooney, Catriona H. E., Lau, Justin Y. C., Hansen, Esben S. S., Christensen, Nichlas Vous, Dang, Duy A., Petersson, Kristoffer, Tullis, Iain D. C., Vojnovic, Borivoj, Smart, Sean, Myers, William, Richardson, Zoe, Lewis, Jarrod, Kennedy, Brett W. C., Bowen, Alice M., Bertelsen, Lotte Bonde, Laustsen, Christoffer, Tyler, Damian J., Miller, Jack J.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States 21.11.2025
Subjects:
Alanine - chemistry
Alanine - metabolism
Animals
Carbon Isotopes - chemistry
Electrons
Free Radicals - chemistry
Kidney - diagnostic imaging
Kidney - metabolism
Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods
Rats
ISSN:2375-2548, 2375-2548
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (dDNP) increases the sensitivity of magnetic resonance experiments by >10 4 -fold, permitting isotopically labeled molecules to be transiently visible in magnetic resonance imaging scans. dDNP mechanistically takes place at ~1 K and requires unpaired electrons and microwaves. These electrons are usually chemical radicals, requiring removal by filtration prior to injection into humans. Alternative sources, such as ultraviolet irradiation, generate lower polarization and require cryogenic transport. We present ultrahigh–dose rate electron irradiation as an alternative for generating nonpersistent radicals in alanine/glycerol mixtures. These are stable for months at room temperature, quench spontaneously upon dissolution, are present in dose-dependent concentrations, and generate comparable nuclear polarization (17%) to trityl radicals used clinically (19%) through a previously unknown mechanism we believe to involve partial ordering and electron-electron interactions. Owing to the large radiation doses required, this process is sterilizing, permits imaging of alanine metabolism in vivo in the rat kidney, and may aid clinically translating dDNP. Six-MeV electrons generate stable radicals for more accessible metabolic imaging with dDNP through a previously unknown mechanism.
ISSN:2375-2548
2375-2548
DOI:10.1126/sciadv.adz4334