Pioneer Transcription Factors Initiating Gene Network Changes

Pioneer transcription factors have the intrinsic biochemical ability to scan partial DNA sequence motifs that are exposed on the surface of a nucleosome and thus access silent genes that are inaccessible to other transcription factors. Pioneer factors subsequently enable other transcription factors,...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Annual review of genetics Vol. 54; p. 367
Main Author: Zaret, Kenneth S
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States 23.11.2020
Subjects:
reprogramming
nucleosome
pioneer factor
differentiation
gene networks
chromatin
ISSN:1545-2948, 1545-2948
Online Access:Get more information
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Summary:Pioneer transcription factors have the intrinsic biochemical ability to scan partial DNA sequence motifs that are exposed on the surface of a nucleosome and thus access silent genes that are inaccessible to other transcription factors. Pioneer factors subsequently enable other transcription factors, nucleosome remodeling complexes, and histone modifiers to engage chromatin, thereby initiating the formation of an activating or repressive regulatory sequence. Thus, pioneer factors endow the competence for fate changes in embryonic development, are essential for cellular reprogramming, and rewire gene networks in cancer cells. Recent studies with reconstituted nucleosomes in vitro and chromatin binding in vivo reveal that pioneer factors can directly perturb nucleosome structure and chromatin accessibility in different ways. This review focuses on our current understanding of the mechanisms by which pioneer factors initiate gene network changes and will ultimately contribute to our ability to control cell fates at will.
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ISSN:1545-2948
1545-2948
DOI:10.1146/annurev-genet-030220-015007