Implicit perceptual-motor skill learning in mild cognitive impairment and Parkinson's disease

Implicit skill learning is hypothesized to depend on nondeclarative memory that operates independent of the medial temporal lobe (MTL) memory system and instead depends on cortico striatal circuits between the basal ganglia and cortical areas supporting motor function and planning. Research with the...

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Vydáno v:Neuropsychology Ročník 27; číslo 3; s. 314
Hlavní autoři: Gobel, Eric W, Blomeke, Kelsey, Zadikoff, Cindy, Simuni, Tanya, Weintraub, Sandra, Reber, Paul J
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: United States 01.05.2013
Témata:
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Amnesia - physiopathology
Amnesia - psychology
Brain - physiopathology
Cognitive Dysfunction - physiopathology
Cognitive Dysfunction - psychology
Female
Humans
Learning - physiology
Male
Middle Aged
Motor Skills - physiology
Neuropsychological Tests
Parkinson Disease - physiopathology
Parkinson Disease - psychology
Psychomotor Performance - physiology
Reaction Time - physiology
ISSN:1931-1559, 1931-1559
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Shrnutí:Implicit skill learning is hypothesized to depend on nondeclarative memory that operates independent of the medial temporal lobe (MTL) memory system and instead depends on cortico striatal circuits between the basal ganglia and cortical areas supporting motor function and planning. Research with the Serial Reaction Time (SRT) task suggests that patients with memory disorders due to MTL damage exhibit normal implicit sequence learning. However, reports of intact learning rely on observations of no group differences, leading to speculation as to whether implicit sequence learning is fully intact in these patients. Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) often exhibit impaired sequence learning, but this impairment is not universally observed. Implicit perceptual-motor sequence learning was examined using the Serial Interception Sequence Learning (SISL) task in patients with amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI; n = 11) and patients with PD (n = 15). Sequence learning in SISL is resistant to explicit learning and individually adapted task difficulty controls for baseline performance differences. Patients with MCI exhibited robust sequence learning, equivalent to healthy older adults (n = 20), supporting the hypothesis that the MTL does not contribute to learning in this task. In contrast, the majority of patients with PD exhibited no sequence-specific learning in spite of matched overall task performance. Two patients with PD exhibited performance indicative of an explicit compensatory strategy suggesting that impaired implicit learning may lead to greater reliance on explicit memory in some individuals. The differences in learning between patient groups provides strong evidence in favor of implicit sequence learning depending solely on intact basal ganglia function with no contribution from the MTL memory system.
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ISSN:1931-1559
1931-1559
DOI:10.1037/a0032305