Dire wolves were the last of an ancient New World canid lineage

Dire wolves are considered to be one of the most common and widespread large carnivores in Pleistocene America 1 , yet relatively little is known about their evolution or extinction. Here, to reconstruct the evolutionary history of dire wolves, we sequenced five genomes from sub-fossil remains datin...

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Vydáno v:	Nature (London) Ročník 591; číslo 7848; s. 87 - 91
Hlavní autoři:	Perri, Angela R., Mitchell, Kieren J., Mouton, Alice, Álvarez-Carretero, Sandra, Hulme-Beaman, Ardern, Haile, James, Jamieson, Alexandra, Meachen, Julie, Lin, Audrey T., Schubert, Blaine W., Ameen, Carly, Antipina, Ekaterina E., Bover, Pere, Brace, Selina, Carmagnini, Alberto, Carøe, Christian, Samaniego Castruita, Jose A., Chatters, James C., Dobney, Keith, dos Reis, Mario, Evin, Allowen, Gaubert, Philippe, Gopalakrishnan, Shyam, Gower, Graham, Heiniger, Holly, Helgen, Kristofer M., Kapp, Josh, Kosintsev, Pavel A., Linderholm, Anna, Ozga, Andrew T., Presslee, Samantha, Salis, Alexander T., Saremi, Nedda F., Shew, Colin, Skerry, Katherine, Taranenko, Dmitry E., Thompson, Mary, Sablin, Mikhail V., Kuzmin, Yaroslav V., Collins, Matthew J., Sinding, Mikkel-Holger S., Gilbert, M. Thomas P., Stone, Anne C., Shapiro, Beth, Van Valkenburgh, Blaire, Wayne, Robert K., Larson, Greger, Cooper, Alan, Frantz, Laurent A. F.
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	angličtina
Vydáno:	London Nature Publishing Group UK 04.03.2021 Nature Publishing Group
Témata:	45/23 631/181/2474 631/181/414 631/181/757 631/181/759 82/58 Animals Biological evolution Canidae Carnivores Coyotes Deoxyribonucleic acid Divergence DNA Dogs Endangered & extinct species Environmental Sciences Evolutionary genetics Extinction Extinction, Biological Fossils Gene Flow Genealogy Genome - genetics Genomes Genomics Geographic Mapping Humanities and Social Sciences Hybridization Hypotheses Life sciences multidisciplinary North America Paleontology Phenotype Phylogenetics Phylogeny Pleistocene Science Science (multidisciplinary) Sciences du vivant Taxonomy Wolves Wolves - classification Wolves - genetics Zoologie Zoology North America
ISSN:	0028-0836, 1476-4687, 1476-4687
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Shrnutí:	Dire wolves are considered to be one of the most common and widespread large carnivores in Pleistocene America 1 , yet relatively little is known about their evolution or extinction. Here, to reconstruct the evolutionary history of dire wolves, we sequenced five genomes from sub-fossil remains dating from 13,000 to more than 50,000 years ago. Our results indicate that although they were similar morphologically to the extant grey wolf, dire wolves were a highly divergent lineage that split from living canids around 5.7 million years ago. In contrast to numerous examples of hybridization across Canidae 2 , 3 , there is no evidence for gene flow between dire wolves and either North American grey wolves or coyotes. This suggests that dire wolves evolved in isolation from the Pleistocene ancestors of these species. Our results also support an early New World origin of dire wolves, while the ancestors of grey wolves, coyotes and dholes evolved in Eurasia and colonized North America only relatively recently. Dire wolves split from living canids around 5.7 million years ago and originated in the New World isolated from the ancestors of grey wolves and coyotes, which evolved in Eurasia and colonized North America only relatively recently.
Bibliografie:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 content type line 23 scopus-id:2-s2.0-85100151041
ISSN:	0028-0836 1476-4687 1476-4687
DOI:	10.1038/s41586-020-03082-x