The role of catchment scale and landscape characteristics for runoff generation of boreal streams

The effect of catchment scale and the influence of landscape characteristics on runoff generation were investigated during snow melt in 15 nested boreal streams within the Krycklan catchment in northern Sweden. We used detailed oxygen-18 analyses of soils from two characteristic landscape types, sno...

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Vydáno v:Journal of hydrology (Amsterdam) Ročník 344; číslo 3; s. 198 - 209
Hlavní autoři: Laudon, Hjalmar, Sjöblom, Viktor, Buffam, Ishi, Seibert, Jan, Mörth, Magnus
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: Amsterdam Elsevier B.V 15.10.2007
Elsevier Science
Témata:
Boreal
boreal streams
Earth sciences
Earth, ocean, space
Exact sciences and technology
forested watersheds
Geochemistry
Hydrograph separation
Hydrology
Hydrology. Hydrogeology
Isotope geochemistry
Isotope geochemistry. Geochronology
Landscape characteristics
landscapes
Mineralogy
Oxygen-18
runoff
Scale
Silicates
Snow melt
snowmelt
stream flow
streams
Sweden
Water geochemistry
watershed hydrology
watersheds
wetlands
Sweden
Scandinavia
Landscape characteristics
Scale
Boreal
Oxygen-18
Snow melt
Hydrograph separation
landscapes
floods
stable isotopes
O-18/O-16
Europe
streams
runoff
forests
meltwater
drainage basins
wetlands
hydrochemistry
snow
boreal zone
soils
hydrographs
ISSN:0022-1694, 1879-2707
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Shrnutí:The effect of catchment scale and the influence of landscape characteristics on runoff generation were investigated during snow melt in 15 nested boreal streams within the Krycklan catchment in northern Sweden. We used detailed oxygen-18 analyses of soils from two characteristic landscape types, snow melt samples and water samples from 15 streams with subcatchments ranging in size from 0.03 to 67 km 2. The detailed process understanding that was derived from isotopic and hydrometric measurements at a wetland and a forest site, in combination with the stream monitoring, enabled the development of a conceptual framework that could explain the variability in hydrological pathways over a range of catchment scales. While the proportion of new or event water was over 50% in wetland dominated catchments, the event water contribution in forested catchments was between 10% and 30%. The results suggest a large degree of scale-independence of hydrological flow pathways during the snow melt period, controlled by the proportion of wetland and median subcatchment area, across three orders of magnitude in spatial scale. The results from this study highlighted the importance of different runoff generation processes in different landscape elements, an understanding that can be useful in disentangling the temporal dynamics in hydrology and biogeochemistry during snow melt episodes when moving from small headwater streams to catchment outlets.
Bibliografie:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2007.07.010
ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
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ISSN:0022-1694
1879-2707
DOI:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2007.07.010