War and the Crisis of Youth in Sierra Leone
The armed conflict in Sierra Leone and the extreme violence of the main rebel faction - the Revolutionary United Front (RUF) - have challenged scholars and members of the international community to come up with explanations. Up to this point, though, conclusions about the nature of the war are mainl...
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| Format: | eBook Book |
| Language: | English |
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London
International African Institute
28.03.2011
Cambridge ; New York Cambridge University Press |
| Edition: | 1 |
| Series: | The International African Library |
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| ISBN: | 9781107004191, 1107004195 |
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| Abstract | The armed conflict in Sierra Leone and the extreme violence of the main rebel faction - the Revolutionary United Front (RUF) - have challenged scholars and members of the international community to come up with explanations. Up to this point, though, conclusions about the nature of the war are mainly drawn from accounts of civilian victims and commentators who had access to only one side of the war. The present study addresses this currently incomplete understanding of the conflict by focusing on the direct experiences and interpretations of protagonists, paying special attention to the hitherto neglected, and often underage, cadres of the RUF. The data presented challenges the widely canvassed notion of the Sierra Leone conflict as a war motivated by 'greed, not grievance'. Rather, it points to a rural crisis expressed in terms of unresolved tensions between landowners and marginalized rural youth, further reinforced and triggered by a collapsing patrimonial state. |
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| AbstractList | The armed conflict in Sierra Leone and the extreme violence of the main rebel faction - the Revolutionary United Front (RUF) - have challenged scholars and members of the international community to come up with explanations. Up to this point, though, conclusions about the nature of the war are mainly drawn from accounts of civilian victims and commentators who had access to only one side of the war. The present study addresses this currently incomplete understanding of the conflict by focusing on the direct experiences and interpretations of protagonists, paying special attention to the hitherto neglected, and often underage, cadres of the RUF. The data presented challenges the widely canvassed notion of the Sierra Leone conflict as a war motivated by 'greed, not grievance'. Rather, it points to a rural crisis expressed in terms of unresolved tensions between landowners and marginalized rural youth, further reinforced and triggered by a collapsing patrimonial state. This book addresses the currently incomplete understanding of the conflict in Sierra Leone by focusing on the direct experiences and interpretations of protagonists. It challenges the widely canvassed notion of this conflict as a war motivated by 'greed, not grievance', pointing instead to a rural crisis of unresolved tensions. |
| Author | Peters, Krijn |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Krijn surname: Peters fullname: Peters, Krijn organization: Swansea University |
| BackLink | https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1130282270366881024$$DView record in CiNii |
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| Copyright | Krijn Peters 2011 |
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| DOI | 10.1017/CBO9780511976896 |
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| Discipline | History & Archaeology |
| EISBN | 9780511976896 0511976895 9780511858499 0511858493 9780511862236 0511862237 9781107220942 1107220947 |
| Edition | 1 |
| Editor | Kitchen, Stephanie |
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| Notes | Includes bibliographical references (p. 261-268) and index |
| OCLC | 704257987 |
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| PageCount | 294 |
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| Snippet | The armed conflict in Sierra Leone and the extreme violence of the main rebel faction - the Revolutionary United Front (RUF) - have challenged scholars and... This book addresses the currently incomplete understanding of the conflict in Sierra Leone by focusing on the direct experiences and interpretations of... |
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| SubjectTerms | Children and war Children and war -- Sierra Leone Revolutionary United Front -- History Rural development Rural development -- Sierra Leone Sierra Leone Sierra Leone -- History -- Civil War, 1991-2002 -- Participation, Juvenile Sierra Leone -- History -- Civil War, 1991-2002 -- Social aspects Sierra Leone -- Rural conditions Youth Youth -- Sierra Leone -- Social conditions |
| TableOfContents | The RUF's Ideology: 'Drastic Fundamental Change'? -- Military and Ideology Training in the RUF -- Mechanisms in the RUF to Monitor the Behaviour of its Fighters and Civilians -- The 'People's Court': Punishment in the RUF -- 5 Malfunctions and Atrocities -- Introduction -- The Erosion of RUF Ideology -- External Factors -- The Liberian Special Forces (1991-2) -- The Rise of Hunter-Based Civil Defence (1994-5) -- The AFRC (1997-9) -- Internal Factors -- Failing Reporting Mechanisms -- Bodyguards -- Native and Non-Native Rebels -- Unpunished Ruthlessness -- Meritocracy and Age -- Liberated Areas and Frontlines -- Terror as Performance: How the RUF Prepared for Battle -- Conclusion -- 6 Cultivating Peace: RUF Ex-Combatants' Involvement in Post-War Agricultural Projects -- Introduction -- The Projects -- GTZ Tongo -- NADA Blama -- BANSAL Robol Junction -- RADO Makeni -- KADO Makeni -- Discussion -- 7 Footpaths to Reintegration? Agrarian Solutions for the Reintegration of Ex-Combatants -- A Crisis Denied -- Making Agricultural Packages Central -- The Need for Agricultural Training Projects -- Individual and Collective Farming Opportunities -- Access to Land and Labour -- Towards a New Approach to Agricultural Training -- 8 Conclusion: The RUF as a Rural Underclass Project -- Introduction -- Was the RUF a Product of 'Lumpen' Culture, and Was It 'Mindlessly Violent'? -- Radical Youth Culture in Sierra Leone -- The Libya and Liberia Connections -- Bush Paths to Destruction? -- A Lumpen Movement -- Lack of Ideology -- The Widespread Violence -- Some Criticism of the Lumpen Hypothesis -- Lumpens as a Moral Verdict -- Second-Generation City Lumpens or Rural Drop-Outs? -- The Creation and Collapse of an Armed Egalitarian Meritocracy -- A Neo-Durkheimian Process -- Discussion: Answering the Three Key Questions Cover -- Half-title -- Title -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgements -- Abbreviations -- Introduction -- Tongo in a Time of War -- Three Explanations of the Conflict -- 'New Barbarism', or 'the Apocalyptic View' -- Greed, Not Grievance -- State Collapse and a Pent-Up Rebellion of Youth -- Defining the Problem and the Solution -- Chapter Overview -- 1 Voices from the Battlefield: Ex-Combatants' Views on Root Causes of the War and Their Reasons for Participation -- Introduction -- RUF Ex-Combatants -- SLA/AFRC Ex-Combatants -- CDF/Kamajoisia Ex-Combatants -- Discussion -- 2 The Socio-Economic Crisis of Rural Youth -- Introduction -- The Making and Collapse of the State in Sierra Leone -- Slaves and Ex-Slaves -- From Crown Colony to Protectorate -- Political Parties Emerge -- Patrimonial Politics Takes Shape -- APC Oppression -- An Economic Tragedy -- The Patrimonial System Collapses -- The Making and Functioning of Rural Societies in Sierra Leone -- Settler Patterns -- Primitive Accumulation and Domestic Slavery -- Elite Control over Means of Production and Reproduction -- Neither Citizens Nor Subjects: The Political Marginalisation of Youth -- Survival Strategies for Marginalised Youth -- Discussion -- 3 Conflict in Sierra Leone and Recruits to the War -- The Beginning -- Youth in Power -- The Kamajoisia -- And Another Coup -- Towards Final Peace -- 4 The World of the RUF -- Introduction -- Strategies of Bonding -- Conscription -- Loyalty through Punishment and Rewards -- Loyalty through Isolation -- Loyalty to the Leader -- Loyalty through Socialisation -- Meritocratic Principles -- The Interior World of the RUF -- The Bush Camps -- The 'Green Revolution' -- Farming in the 'Liberated Zones' -- Mining Under the RUF -- Free Education and Health Care -- Rules and Regulations in the RUF Lumpen Neo-Barbarians - Did Uncouth Cultures Cause War? -- Greed, Not Grievance - Was It All about Diamonds? -- Rapid Expansion of the RUF - An Inverse of the Rapidly Collapsing Patrimonial State? -- Epilogue -- Annex I: A Chronology -- 1991 -- 1992 -- 1993 -- 1994 -- 1995 -- 1996 -- 1997 -- 1998 -- 1999 -- 2000 -- 2001 -- 2002 -- 2003 -- Annex II: Overview: Interviewed Ex-RUF Combatants -- References -- Index |
| Title | War and the Crisis of Youth in Sierra Leone |
| URI | http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511976896 https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511976896?locatt=mode:legacy https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1130282270366881024 https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/[SITE_ID]/detail.action?docID=615801 https://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=none&isbn=9780511862236&uid=none https://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=none&isbn=9780511976896 https://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=none&isbn=9781107220942&uid=none |
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