Locally Relevant High‐Resolution Hydrodynamic Modeling of River Floods at the Regional Scale

This paper deals with the simulation of inundated areas for a region of 84,000 km2 from estimated flood discharges at a resolution of 2 m. We develop a modeling framework that enables efficient parallel processing of the project region by splitting it into simulation tiles. For each simulation tile,...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Water resources research Vol. 58; no. 7; pp. e2021WR030820 - n/a
Main Authors:	Buttinger‐Kreuzhuber, Andreas, Waser, Jürgen, Cornel, Daniel, Horváth, Zsolt, Konev, Artem, Wimmer, Michael H., Komma, Jürgen, Blöschl, Günter
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Washington John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01.07.2022 John Wiley and Sons Inc
Subjects:	Abrupt/Rapid Climate Change Air/Sea Constituent Fluxes Air/Sea Interactions Atmospheric Atmospheric Composition and Structure Atmospheric Effects Atmospheric Processes Austria Avalanches Benefit‐cost Analysis Biogeosciences Boundary conditions Climate and Interannual Variability Climate Change and Variability Climate Dynamics Climate Impact Climate Impacts Climate Variability Climatology Computational Geophysics Cryosphere Debris Flow and Landslides Decadal Ocean Variability Disaster Risk Analysis and Assessment Discharge Drought Earth System Modeling Earthquake Ground Motions and Engineering Seismology Effusive Volcanism Electromagnetics Explosive Volcanism Flood control Flood discharge flood hazard mapping Flood hazards Flood mapping Flood peak Floods Fourier Analysis Frameworks Gauges General Circulation Geodesy and Gravity Geological Global Change Global Change from Geodesy Graphics Graphics processing units Gravity and Isostasy hydrodynamics hydrograph Hydrological Hydrological Cycles and Budgets Hydrology Impacts of Global Change Informatics inundation modeling Ionosphere Ionospheric Propagation Land/Atmosphere Interactions large‐scale hydraulic modeling Levees Marine Geology and Geophysics Mass Balance Mathematical and Computer Modeling Mathematical Geophysics Methods Modeling Modelling Mud Volcanism Natural Hazards Nonlinear Geophysics Nonlinear Waves, Shock Waves, Solitons Numerical Modeling Numerical Solutions Ocean influence of Earth rotation Ocean Monitoring with Geodetic Techniques Ocean/Atmosphere Interactions Ocean/Earth/atmosphere/hydrosphere/cryosphere interactions Oceanic Oceanography: General Oceanography: Physical Oceans Paleoceanography Parallel processing Physical Modeling Policy Sciences Quantiles Radio Oceanography Radio Science Regional Climate Change Regional Modeling Remote Sensing and Electromagnetic Processes Resolution Retention basins Risk river floods Rivers Sea Level Change Sea Level: Variations and Mean Seismology Settling basins Shallow water Shallow water equations Shock Waves Simulation Solid Earth Solitons and Solitary Waves Space Plasma Physics Spatial Analysis Spatial Analysis and Representation Spatial Modeling Spectral Analysis Stream discharge Stream flow Surface Waves and Tides Theoretical Modeling Titan Tsunamis and Storm Surges Volcanic Effects Volcanic Hazards and Risks Volcano Monitoring Volcano Seismology Volcano/Climate Interactions Volcanology water Water Cycles Watersheds Wave Propagation Wavelet Transform Wet cells Austria
ISSN:	0043-1397, 1944-7973
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Summary:	This paper deals with the simulation of inundated areas for a region of 84,000 km2 from estimated flood discharges at a resolution of 2 m. We develop a modeling framework that enables efficient parallel processing of the project region by splitting it into simulation tiles. For each simulation tile, the framework automatically calculates all input data and boundary conditions required for the hydraulic simulation on‐the‐fly. A novel method is proposed that ensures regionally consistent flood peak probabilities. Instead of simulating individual events, the framework simulates effective hydrographs consistent with the flood quantiles by adjusting streamflow at river nodes. The model accounts for local effects from buildings, culverts, levees, and retention basins. The two‐dimensional full shallow water equations are solved by a second‐order accurate scheme for all river reaches in Austria with catchment sizes over 10 km2, totaling 33,380 km. Using graphics processing units (GPUs), a single NVIDIA Titan RTX simulates a period of 3 days for a tile with 50 million wet cells in less than 3 days. We find good agreement between simulated and measured stage–discharge relationships at gauges. The simulated flood hazard maps also compare well with local high‐quality flood maps, achieving critical success index scores of 0.6–0.79. Key Points Second‐order accurate scheme discretizing the full shallow water equations at a resolution of 2 m for a stream network of 33,880 km length Streamflow adjustment for regionally consistent flood peak probabilities and automatic estimation of boundary conditions for arbitrary domain tiling Model accuracy comparable to local models (critical success index scores of 0.6–0.79)
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 content type line 23
ISSN:	0043-1397 1944-7973
DOI:	10.1029/2021WR030820