Finding Order in the Chaos: Outstanding Questions in Klebsiella pneumoniae Pathogenesis

are Gram-negative facultative anaerobes that are found within host-associated commensal microbiomes, but they can also cause a wide range of infections that are often difficult to treat. These infections are caused by different pathotypes of , called either classical or hypervirulent strains. These...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Infection and immunity Vol. 89; no. 4
Main Authors: Gonzalez-Ferrer, Shekina, Peñaloza, Hernán F, Budnick, James A, Bain, William G, Nordstrom, Hayley R, Lee, Janet S, Van Tyne, Daria
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States 17.03.2021
Subjects:
Animals
Disease Susceptibility
Geography, Medical
Global Health
Host-Pathogen Interactions - immunology
Humans
Immunity, Innate
Klebsiella Infections - epidemiology
Klebsiella Infections - immunology
Klebsiella Infections - microbiology
Klebsiella pneumoniae - drug effects
Klebsiella pneumoniae - pathogenicity
Klebsiella pneumoniae - physiology
Population Surveillance
Virulence
Klebsiella
pathogenesis
evolution
innate immune system
ISSN:1098-5522, 1098-5522
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Summary:are Gram-negative facultative anaerobes that are found within host-associated commensal microbiomes, but they can also cause a wide range of infections that are often difficult to treat. These infections are caused by different pathotypes of , called either classical or hypervirulent strains. These two groups are genetically distinct, inhabit nonoverlapping geographies, and cause different types of harmful infections in humans. These distinct bacterial groups have also been found to interact differently with the host immune system. Initial innate immune defenses against infection include complement, macrophages, neutrophils, and monocytes; these defenses are primary strategies employed by the host to clear infections. pathogenesis depends upon the interactions between the microbe and each of these host defenses, and it is becoming increasingly apparent that bacterial genetic diversity impacts the outcomes of these interactions. Here, we highlight recent advances in our understanding of pathogenesis, with a focus on how bacterial evolution and diversity impact interactions with mammalian innate immune host defenses. We also discuss outstanding questions regarding how can frustrate normal immune responses, capitalize upon states of immunocompromise, and cause infections with high mortality.
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ISSN:1098-5522
1098-5522
DOI:10.1128/IAI.00693-20