Graphene-Enabled Silver Nanoantenna Sensors
Silver is the ideal material for plasmonics because of its low loss at optical frequencies but is often replaced by a more lossy metal, gold. This is because of silver’s tendency to tarnish and roughen, forming Ag2S on its surface, dramatically diminishing optical properties and rendering it unrelia...
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| Published in: | Nano letters Vol. 12; no. 8; pp. 4090 - 4094 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Washington, DC
American Chemical Society
08.08.2012
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| Subjects: | |
| ISSN: | 1530-6984, 1530-6992, 1530-6992 |
| Online Access: | Get full text |
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| Abstract | Silver is the ideal material for plasmonics because of its low loss at optical frequencies but is often replaced by a more lossy metal, gold. This is because of silver’s tendency to tarnish and roughen, forming Ag2S on its surface, dramatically diminishing optical properties and rendering it unreliable for applications. By passivating the surface of silver nanostructures with monolayer graphene, atmospheric sulfur containing compounds are unable to penetrate the graphene to degrade the surface of the silver. Preventing this sulfidation eliminates the increased material damping and scattering losses originating from the unintentional Ag2S layer. Because it is atomically thin, graphene does not interfere with the ability of localized surface plasmons to interact with the environment in sensing applications. Furthermore, after 30 days graphene-passivated silver (Ag–Gr) nanoantennas exhibit a 2600% higher sensitivity over that of bare Ag nanoantennas and 2 orders of magnitude improvement in peak width endurance. By employing graphene in this manner, the excellent optical properties and large spectral range of silver can be functionally utilized in a variety of nanoscale plasmonic devices and applications. |
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| AbstractList | Silver is the ideal material for plasmonics because of its low loss at optical frequencies but is often replaced by a more lossy metal, gold. This is because of silver's tendency to tarnish and roughen, forming Ag(2)S on its surface, dramatically diminishing optical properties and rendering it unreliable for applications. By passivating the surface of silver nanostructures with monolayer graphene, atmospheric sulfur containing compounds are unable to penetrate the graphene to degrade the surface of the silver. Preventing this sulfidation eliminates the increased material damping and scattering losses originating from the unintentional Ag(2)S layer. Because it is atomically thin, graphene does not interfere with the ability of localized surface plasmons to interact with the environment in sensing applications. Furthermore, after 30 days graphene-passivated silver (Ag-Gr) nanoantennas exhibit a 2600% higher sensitivity over that of bare Ag nanoantennas and 2 orders of magnitude improvement in peak width endurance. By employing graphene in this manner, the excellent optical properties and large spectral range of silver can be functionally utilized in a variety of nanoscale plasmonic devices and applications. Silver is the ideal material for plasmonics because of its low loss at optical frequencies but is often replaced by a more lossy metal, gold. This is because of silver’s tendency to tarnish and roughen, forming Ag2S on its surface, dramatically diminishing optical properties and rendering it unreliable for applications. By passivating the surface of silver nanostructures with monolayer graphene, atmospheric sulfur containing compounds are unable to penetrate the graphene to degrade the surface of the silver. Preventing this sulfidation eliminates the increased material damping and scattering losses originating from the unintentional Ag2S layer. Because it is atomically thin, graphene does not interfere with the ability of localized surface plasmons to interact with the environment in sensing applications. Furthermore, after 30 days graphene-passivated silver (Ag–Gr) nanoantennas exhibit a 2600% higher sensitivity over that of bare Ag nanoantennas and 2 orders of magnitude improvement in peak width endurance. By employing graphene in this manner, the excellent optical properties and large spectral range of silver can be functionally utilized in a variety of nanoscale plasmonic devices and applications. Silver is the ideal material for plasmonics because of its low loss at optical frequencies but is often replaced by a more lossy metal, gold. This is because of silver's tendency to tarnish and roughen, forming Ag sub(2)S on its surface, dramatically diminishing optical properties and rendering it unreliable for applications. By passivating the surface of silver nanostructures with monolayer graphene, atmospheric sulfur containing compounds are unable to penetrate the graphene to degrade the surface of the silver. Preventing this sulfidation eliminates the increased material damping and scattering losses originating from the unintentional Ag sub(2)S layer. Because it is atomically thin, graphene does not interfere with the ability of localized surface plasmons to interact with the environment in sensing applications. Furthermore, after 30 days graphene-passivated silver (Ag-Gr) nanoantennas exhibit a 2600% higher sensitivity over that of bare Ag nanoantennas and 2 orders of magnitude improvement in peak width endurance. By employing graphene in this manner, the excellent optical properties and large spectral range of silver can be functionally utilized in a variety of nanoscale plasmonic devices and applications. Silver is the ideal material for plasmonics because of its low loss at optical frequencies but is often replaced by a more lossy metal, gold. This is because of silver's tendency to tarnish and roughen, forming Ag(2)S on its surface, dramatically diminishing optical properties and rendering it unreliable for applications. By passivating the surface of silver nanostructures with monolayer graphene, atmospheric sulfur containing compounds are unable to penetrate the graphene to degrade the surface of the silver. Preventing this sulfidation eliminates the increased material damping and scattering losses originating from the unintentional Ag(2)S layer. Because it is atomically thin, graphene does not interfere with the ability of localized surface plasmons to interact with the environment in sensing applications. Furthermore, after 30 days graphene-passivated silver (Ag-Gr) nanoantennas exhibit a 2600% higher sensitivity over that of bare Ag nanoantennas and 2 orders of magnitude improvement in peak width endurance. By employing graphene in this manner, the excellent optical properties and large spectral range of silver can be functionally utilized in a variety of nanoscale plasmonic devices and applications.Silver is the ideal material for plasmonics because of its low loss at optical frequencies but is often replaced by a more lossy metal, gold. This is because of silver's tendency to tarnish and roughen, forming Ag(2)S on its surface, dramatically diminishing optical properties and rendering it unreliable for applications. By passivating the surface of silver nanostructures with monolayer graphene, atmospheric sulfur containing compounds are unable to penetrate the graphene to degrade the surface of the silver. Preventing this sulfidation eliminates the increased material damping and scattering losses originating from the unintentional Ag(2)S layer. Because it is atomically thin, graphene does not interfere with the ability of localized surface plasmons to interact with the environment in sensing applications. Furthermore, after 30 days graphene-passivated silver (Ag-Gr) nanoantennas exhibit a 2600% higher sensitivity over that of bare Ag nanoantennas and 2 orders of magnitude improvement in peak width endurance. By employing graphene in this manner, the excellent optical properties and large spectral range of silver can be functionally utilized in a variety of nanoscale plasmonic devices and applications. |
| Author | Li, Chen Zhu, Hai Zhu, Alexander Y Cubukcu, Ertugrul Reed, Jason C |
| AuthorAffiliation | University of Pennsylvania |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: University of Pennsylvania |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Jason C surname: Reed fullname: Reed, Jason C – sequence: 2 givenname: Hai surname: Zhu fullname: Zhu, Hai – sequence: 3 givenname: Alexander Y surname: Zhu fullname: Zhu, Alexander Y – sequence: 4 givenname: Chen surname: Li fullname: Li, Chen – sequence: 5 givenname: Ertugrul surname: Cubukcu fullname: Cubukcu, Ertugrul email: cubukcu@seas.upenn.edu |
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| Copyright | Copyright © 2012 American Chemical Society 2015 INIST-CNRS |
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| Keywords | nanoantennas silver Plasmonics sulfidation graphene LSPR sensor Damping Gold Nanostructures Silver sulfide Surface plasmons Nanoelectronics Silver Nanometer scale Graphene Experimental design Optical properties Monolayers Sensors Sulfur Nanoantenna |
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| Snippet | Silver is the ideal material for plasmonics because of its low loss at optical frequencies but is often replaced by a more lossy metal, gold. This is because... |
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| SubjectTerms | Applied sciences Atmospherics Collective excitations (including excitons, polarons, plasmons and other charge-density excitations) Condensed matter: electronic structure, electrical, magnetic, and optical properties Cross-disciplinary physics: materials science; rheology Devices Durability Electronic structure and electrical properties of surfaces, interfaces, thin films and low-dimensional structures Electronics Exact sciences and technology Fullerenes and related materials; diamonds, graphite General equipment and techniques Graphene Instruments, apparatus, components and techniques common to several branches of physics and astronomy Materials science Molecular electronics, nanoelectronics Nanostructure Optical properties Physics Plasmonics Semiconductor electronics. Microelectronics. Optoelectronics. Solid state devices Sensors (chemical, optical, electrical, movement, gas, etc.); remote sensing Silver Specific materials Sulfur Surface and interface electron states |
| Title | Graphene-Enabled Silver Nanoantenna Sensors |
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