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Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Genetic Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lunds universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för laboratoriemedicin, Avdelningen för arbets- och miljömedicin, Genetisk arbets- och miljömedicin, Originator, Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lunds universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för laboratoriemedicin, Avdelningen för arbets- och miljömedicin, Originator, Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Applied Mass Spectrometry in Environmental Medicine, Lunds universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för laboratoriemedicin, Avdelningen för arbets- och miljömedicin, Tillämpad masspektrometri inom miljömedicin, Originator, Lund University, Profile areas and other strong research environments, Strategic research areas (SRA), EpiHealth: Epidemiology for Health, Lunds universitet, Profilområden och andra starka forskningsmiljöer, Strategiska forskningsområden (SFO), EpiHealth: Epidemiology for Health, Originator, Lund University, Faculty of Engineering, LTH, Other operations, LTH, Metalund, Lunds universitet, Lunds Tekniska Högskola, Annan verksamhet, LTH, Metalund, Originator, Lund University, Faculty of Engineering, LTH, Other operations, LTH, Centre for Healthy Indoor Environments, Lunds universitet, Lunds Tekniska Högskola, Annan verksamhet, LTH, Centrum för hälsosamma inomhusmiljöer, CHIE, Originator, Lund University, Faculty of Engineering, LTH, LTH Profile areas, LTH Profile Area: Aerosols, Lunds universitet, Lunds Tekniska Högskola, LTH profilområden, LTH profilområde: Aerosoler, Originator |
| Popis: |
Background: Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) is a lung cancer carcinogen. However, the genotoxic and mutagenic effects of Cr(VI) in humans at low-to-moderate occupational exposure levels are unknown. This study aims to investigate the relationship between occupational exposure to Cr(VI) and the presence of oxidative damage, genetic and epigenetic alterations. Methods: We included 113 Cr(VI) exposed workers in 14 companies and 72 controls recruited within the SafeChrom project. Cr(VI) was measured in inhalable dust and total chromium in urine (U-Cr) and red blood cells (RBC-Cr). Analysed effect biomarkers included urinary 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), micronuclei in peripheral blood reticulocytes (MNRET), blood relative mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-cn), relative telomere length (TL), and blood DNA methylation of four lung cancer-related genes (F2RL3, LINE-1, MGMT promoter and SEMA4B). Results: The median inhalable Cr(VI) concentration among the exposed workers was 0.11 μg/m3 (5th-95th percentile: 0.02–8.44). Exposed workers showed higher 8-OHdG, TL, and MGMT promoter methylation levels and lower mtDNA-cn and MNRET compared with controls. Company-based differences in biomarkers were observed. Univariate analysis showed that TL was positively correlated with U-Cr, and 8-OHdG and MGMT promoter methylation were positively correlated with RBC-Cr. Multivariate analyses with adjustment for possible confounders showed higher 8-OHdG, TL, and MGMT promoter methylation in exposed workers compared with controls. Conclusions: Low-to-moderate Cr(VI) exposure was associated with higher oxidative stress, longer telomeres and epigenetic alterations, changes that previously have been linked to lung cancer risk. This study highlights the molecular impacts of Cr(VI) exposure, underscoring the importance of reducing the exposure to Cr(VI). |
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