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Impact of excess sugar on the whole genome DNA methylation pattern in human sperm

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Title: Impact of excess sugar on the whole genome DNA methylation pattern in human sperm
Authors: Jönsson, Josefine, Perfilyev, Alexander, Kugelberg, Unn, Skog, Signe, Lindström, Axel, Ruhrmann, Sabrina, Ofori, Jones K, Bacos, Karl, Rönn, Tina, Öst, Anita, Ling, Charlotte
Contributors: Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Celiac Disease and Diabetes Unit, Lunds universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kliniska vetenskaper, Malmö, Celiaki och diabetes, Originator, Lund University, Profile areas and other strong research environments, Strategic research areas (SRA), EXODIAB: Excellence of Diabetes Research in Sweden, Lunds universitet, Profilområden och andra starka forskningsmiljöer, Strategiska forskningsområden (SFO), EXODIAB: Excellence of Diabetes Research in Sweden, Originator, Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Diabetes - Epigenetics, Lunds universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kliniska vetenskaper, Malmö, Diabetes - epigenetik, Originator, Lund University, Profile areas and other strong research environments, Strategic research areas (SRA), EpiHealth: Epidemiology for Health, Lunds universitet, Profilområden och andra starka forskningsmiljöer, Strategiska forskningsområden (SFO), EpiHealth: Epidemiology for Health, Originator
Source: Epigenomics. 17(2):89-104
Subject Terms: Medical and Health Sciences, Basic Medicine, Medical Genetics and Genomics (including Gene Therapy), Medicin och hälsovetenskap, Medicinska och farmaceutiska grundvetenskaper, Medicinsk genetik och genomik (Här ingår: Genterapi)
Description: AIMS, PATIENTS & METHODS: Dietary factors may regulate the epigenome. We aimed to explore whether a diet intervention, including excess sugar, affects the methylome in human sperm, and to describe the sperm methylome. We used Whole Genome Bisulfite Sequencing (WGBS) to analyze DNA methylation in sperm taken at three time points from 15 males during a diet intervention; i) at baseline, ii) after one week on a standardized diet, and iii) after an additional week on a high-sugar diet providing 150% of their estimated total energy expenditure. RESULTS: We identified seven nominal diet-associated differentially methylated regions in sperm (p < 0.05). The diet was nominally associated with methylation of 143 sites linked to fertility (e.g. AHRR, GNAS, and HDAC4), 313 sites in imprinted genes (e.g. GLIS3, PEG10, PEG3, and SNURF), and 42 sites in top 1%-expressed genes (e.g. CHD2) (p < 0.05). In sperm, 3'UTRs and introns had the highest levels of methylation, while 5'UTRs and CpG islands had the lowest levels. Non-expressed genes in human sperm were hypomethylated in exons compared with transcribed genes. CONCLUSIONS: In human sperm, DNA methylation levels were linked to gene expression, and excess sugar had modest effects on methylation on imprinted and highly expressed genes, and genes affecting fertility.
Access URL: https://doi.org/10.1080/17501911.2024.2439782
Database: SwePub
Description
Abstract:AIMS, PATIENTS & METHODS: Dietary factors may regulate the epigenome. We aimed to explore whether a diet intervention, including excess sugar, affects the methylome in human sperm, and to describe the sperm methylome. We used Whole Genome Bisulfite Sequencing (WGBS) to analyze DNA methylation in sperm taken at three time points from 15 males during a diet intervention; i) at baseline, ii) after one week on a standardized diet, and iii) after an additional week on a high-sugar diet providing 150% of their estimated total energy expenditure. RESULTS: We identified seven nominal diet-associated differentially methylated regions in sperm (p < 0.05). The diet was nominally associated with methylation of 143 sites linked to fertility (e.g. AHRR, GNAS, and HDAC4), 313 sites in imprinted genes (e.g. GLIS3, PEG10, PEG3, and SNURF), and 42 sites in top 1%-expressed genes (e.g. CHD2) (p < 0.05). In sperm, 3'UTRs and introns had the highest levels of methylation, while 5'UTRs and CpG islands had the lowest levels. Non-expressed genes in human sperm were hypomethylated in exons compared with transcribed genes. CONCLUSIONS: In human sperm, DNA methylation levels were linked to gene expression, and excess sugar had modest effects on methylation on imprinted and highly expressed genes, and genes affecting fertility.
ISSN:1750192X
DOI:10.1080/17501911.2024.2439782