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Long-term exposure to air pollution and validated cases of Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia in the Malmö diet and cancer cohort

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Název: Long-term exposure to air pollution and validated cases of Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia in the Malmö diet and cancer cohort
Autoři: Alzhrani, Abdullah J., Stockfelt, Leo, Xu, Yiyi, Harari, Florencia, Gustafsson, Susanna, Engström, Gunnar, Hansson, Oskar, Oudin, Anna
Přispěvatelé: Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Planetary Health, Lunds universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för laboratoriemedicin, Avdelningen för arbets- och miljömedicin, Planetär hälsa, Originator, Lund University, Faculty of Engineering, LTH, LTH Profile areas, LTH Profile Area: Aerosols, Lunds universitet, Lunds Tekniska Högskola, LTH profilområden, LTH profilområde: Aerosoler, Originator, Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Cardiovascular Research - Epidemiology, Lunds universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kliniska vetenskaper, Malmö, Kardiovaskulär forskning - epidemiologi, Originator, Lund University, Profile areas and other strong research environments, Strategic research areas (SRA), EpiHealth: Epidemiology for Health, Lunds universitet, Profilområden och andra starka forskningsmiljöer, Strategiska forskningsområden (SFO), EpiHealth: Epidemiology for Health, Originator, Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Clinical Memory Research, Lunds universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kliniska vetenskaper, Malmö, Klinisk minnesforskning, Originator, Lund University, Profile areas and other strong research environments, Strategic research areas (SRA), MultiPark: Multidisciplinary research focused on Parkinson's disease, Lunds universitet, Profilområden och andra starka forskningsmiljöer, Strategiska forskningsområden (SFO), MultiPark: Multidisciplinary research focused on Parkinson's disease, Originator, Lund University, Profile areas and other strong research environments, Lund University Profile areas, LU Profile Area: Proactive Ageing, Lunds universitet, Profilområden och andra starka forskningsmiljöer, Lunds universitets profilområden, LU profilområde: Proaktivt åldrande, Originator, Lund University, Profile areas and other strong research environments, Lund University Profile areas, LU Profile Area: Nature-based future solutions, Lunds universitet, Profilområden och andra starka forskningsmiljöer, Lunds universitets profilområden, LU profilområde: Naturbaserade framtidslösningar, Originator
Zdroj: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease. 107(1):337-347
Témata: Medical and Health Sciences, Health Sciences, Occupational Health and Environmental Health, Medicin och hälsovetenskap, Hälsovetenskap, Arbetsmedicin och miljömedicin
Popis: Background: Dementia is a global public health challenge, with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD) being the most prevalent subtypes. Air pollution is a potential risk factor for dementia, but few studies separate AD and VaD. Objective: This study aims to investigate whether exposure to air pollution is associated with the incidence of AD and VaD. Methods: This study involved 30,247 participants from the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study (1991–2014), with 1216 AD cases (including mixed type) and 531 VaD cases, clinically validated. Long-term exposure to PM2.5and NOxwas modeled using the past 5-years or 10-year mean concentration with 50m × 50 m spatial resolution at residential addresses. The association between AD and VaD and air pollution was assessed using adjusted Cox-proportional hazards. Results: For AD the hazard ratios (HRs (95% CIs) were 1.06 (0.89–1.27) for PM2.5and 1.08 (0.96–1.22) for NOxper interquartile range (IQR) increase in past 10-year mean pollution-levels. Nonsignificant associations were observed in two-pollutant models. For past 5-year exposure, we observed a statistically significant association between NOxand AD 1.14 (1.00–1.30). For VaD, we found no evidence for associations in any models. Conclusions: We found that while both PM2.5and NOxseemed linked to increased AD risk in single-pollutant models, only the associations with NOxremained in two-pollutant models, particularly for exposures in the past five years. No associations were observed for VaD. The results underscore the importance of distinguishing dementia subtypes, identifying critical exposure windows, and applying multi-pollutant models in future studies.
Přístupová URL adresa: https://doi.org/10.1177/13872877251360225
Databáze: SwePub
Popis
Abstrakt:Background: Dementia is a global public health challenge, with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD) being the most prevalent subtypes. Air pollution is a potential risk factor for dementia, but few studies separate AD and VaD. Objective: This study aims to investigate whether exposure to air pollution is associated with the incidence of AD and VaD. Methods: This study involved 30,247 participants from the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study (1991–2014), with 1216 AD cases (including mixed type) and 531 VaD cases, clinically validated. Long-term exposure to PM2.5and NOxwas modeled using the past 5-years or 10-year mean concentration with 50m × 50 m spatial resolution at residential addresses. The association between AD and VaD and air pollution was assessed using adjusted Cox-proportional hazards. Results: For AD the hazard ratios (HRs (95% CIs) were 1.06 (0.89–1.27) for PM2.5and 1.08 (0.96–1.22) for NOxper interquartile range (IQR) increase in past 10-year mean pollution-levels. Nonsignificant associations were observed in two-pollutant models. For past 5-year exposure, we observed a statistically significant association between NOxand AD 1.14 (1.00–1.30). For VaD, we found no evidence for associations in any models. Conclusions: We found that while both PM2.5and NOxseemed linked to increased AD risk in single-pollutant models, only the associations with NOxremained in two-pollutant models, particularly for exposures in the past five years. No associations were observed for VaD. The results underscore the importance of distinguishing dementia subtypes, identifying critical exposure windows, and applying multi-pollutant models in future studies.
ISSN:13872877
18758908
DOI:10.1177/13872877251360225