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Dynamic livelihoods, gender and poverty in marine protected areas: Case study from Zanzibar, Tanzania

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Titel: Dynamic livelihoods, gender and poverty in marine protected areas: Case study from Zanzibar, Tanzania
Autoren: Pike, Felicity, 1993, Lindström, Lars, 1948, Ekstedt, Josefin, Jiddawi, Narriman S., de la Torre-Castro, Maricela, 1965
Quelle: Ambio. 53(8):1218-1233
Schlagwörter: Rural development, Seaweed farming, Small-scale fisheries, Tourism, Livelihood transitions, East Africa
Beschreibung: Livelihood initiatives are common within marine protected areas (MPAs) aiming for poverty alleviation or higher income opportunities. However, results can be mixed in reality, as well as change over time. Furthermore, who benefits is a key consideration, as results can vary based on inequalities, including gender. Here, the monetary outcomes of different livelihood strategies were investigated across three MPA regions in Zanzibar, Tanzania. Using a quantitative approach, the results show that livelihoods have shifted in a six-year period, with livelihood strategies differing in poverty incidence and income. Livelihood initiatives, namely seaweed farming and tourism, did not provide significantly higher monetary returns compared to long-standing livelihoods, such as fisheries. Seaweed farming showed income stability but a high poverty incidence predominantly within women-headed households. During the study period, men primarily remained in fisheries, whilst women shifted to small-scale businesses and fisheries, largely exiting seaweed farming. This underscores a need for adaptive, gender sensitive management within fast changing coastal contexts.
Dateibeschreibung: print
Zugangs-URL: https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-229067
https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-024-02010-x
Datenbank: SwePub
Beschreibung
Abstract:Livelihood initiatives are common within marine protected areas (MPAs) aiming for poverty alleviation or higher income opportunities. However, results can be mixed in reality, as well as change over time. Furthermore, who benefits is a key consideration, as results can vary based on inequalities, including gender. Here, the monetary outcomes of different livelihood strategies were investigated across three MPA regions in Zanzibar, Tanzania. Using a quantitative approach, the results show that livelihoods have shifted in a six-year period, with livelihood strategies differing in poverty incidence and income. Livelihood initiatives, namely seaweed farming and tourism, did not provide significantly higher monetary returns compared to long-standing livelihoods, such as fisheries. Seaweed farming showed income stability but a high poverty incidence predominantly within women-headed households. During the study period, men primarily remained in fisheries, whilst women shifted to small-scale businesses and fisheries, largely exiting seaweed farming. This underscores a need for adaptive, gender sensitive management within fast changing coastal contexts.
ISSN:00447447
16547209
DOI:10.1007/s13280-024-02010-x