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Vertical profile measurements for ammonia in a Japanese deciduous forest using denuder sampling technique: ammonia emissions near the forest floor

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Název: Vertical profile measurements for ammonia in a Japanese deciduous forest using denuder sampling technique: ammonia emissions near the forest floor
Autoři: Mao Xu, Ryota Matsumoto, Phuvasa Chanonmuang, Kazuhide Matsuda
Zdroj: Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment, Vol 18, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2024)
Informace o vydavateli: Springer, 2024.
Rok vydání: 2024
Sbírka: LCC:Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering
LCC:Environmental sciences
Témata: NH3, Nitrogen, Dry deposition, Bidirectional exchange, Long-term measurement, East Asia, Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering, TD1-1066, Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Popis: Abstract Ammonia (NH3) has received considerable attention as a major reduced nitrogen. However, accurate estimates of the deposition amount are difficult due to its complex behavior characterized by bidirectional exchange between the atmosphere and the surface. We observed the vertical profile of NH3 concentration in a deciduous forest in Japan for 1 year to further advance the studies on NH3 bidirectional exchange in Asia, especially focusing on the process near the forest floor. The observation period lasted from September 29, 2020, to September 28, 2021, including leafy and leafless periods. Using the denuder sampling technique, we measured NH3 concentration in the forest at three heights (above the forest canopy, 30 m, and near the forest floor, 2 m and 0.2 m). NH3 concentrations tended to be highest at the top of the canopy (30 m). Focusing on the concentration near the forest floor, the concentrations at 0.2 m were frequently higher than those at 2 m regardless of the leafy and leafless period, thus suggesting NH3 emissions from the forest floor. NH3 concentration near the forest floor showed strong positive correlations with air temperature during the leafy period. The NH3 emissions from the forest floor during the leafy period were possibly due to the decomposition of leaf litter with increased air temperature. The decrease in leaf area index might induced the increase in NH3 concentration and emission. NH3 emission during the leafless period was also possibly dependent on the state of the deposition surface, apart from air temperature, relative humidity, and leaf area index. Graphical Abstract
Druh dokumentu: article
Popis souboru: electronic resource
Jazyk: English
ISSN: 2287-1160
Relation: https://doaj.org/toc/2287-1160
DOI: 10.1007/s44273-024-00042-z
Přístupová URL adresa: https://doaj.org/article/fd5f854693324b7fa28749088f4c6b17
Přístupové číslo: edsdoj.fd5f854693324b7fa28749088f4c6b17
Databáze: Directory of Open Access Journals
Popis
Abstrakt:Abstract Ammonia (NH3) has received considerable attention as a major reduced nitrogen. However, accurate estimates of the deposition amount are difficult due to its complex behavior characterized by bidirectional exchange between the atmosphere and the surface. We observed the vertical profile of NH3 concentration in a deciduous forest in Japan for 1 year to further advance the studies on NH3 bidirectional exchange in Asia, especially focusing on the process near the forest floor. The observation period lasted from September 29, 2020, to September 28, 2021, including leafy and leafless periods. Using the denuder sampling technique, we measured NH3 concentration in the forest at three heights (above the forest canopy, 30 m, and near the forest floor, 2 m and 0.2 m). NH3 concentrations tended to be highest at the top of the canopy (30 m). Focusing on the concentration near the forest floor, the concentrations at 0.2 m were frequently higher than those at 2 m regardless of the leafy and leafless period, thus suggesting NH3 emissions from the forest floor. NH3 concentration near the forest floor showed strong positive correlations with air temperature during the leafy period. The NH3 emissions from the forest floor during the leafy period were possibly due to the decomposition of leaf litter with increased air temperature. The decrease in leaf area index might induced the increase in NH3 concentration and emission. NH3 emission during the leafless period was also possibly dependent on the state of the deposition surface, apart from air temperature, relative humidity, and leaf area index. Graphical Abstract
ISSN:22871160
DOI:10.1007/s44273-024-00042-z