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Higher population density is associated with worse air quality and related health outcomes in Tāmaki Makaurau

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Titel: Higher population density is associated with worse air quality and related health outcomes in Tāmaki Makaurau
Autoren: Samuel Wrightson, Jamie Hosking, Alistair Woodward
Quelle: Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health, Vol 49, Iss 1, Pp 100213- (2025)
Verlagsinformationen: Elsevier, 2025.
Publikationsjahr: 2025
Bestand: LCC:Public aspects of medicine
Schlagwörter: population density, air pollution, nitrogen dioxide, ambient particulate matter, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Beschreibung: Objectives: To explore associations between population density, air pollution concentrations, and related health outcomes in Tāmaki Makaurau Auckland, Aotearoa New Zealand. Methods: Concentrations of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and associated health outcomes (premature mortality, cardiovascular and respiratory hospitalisations, and childhood asthma) were obtained from the Health and Air Pollution in New Zealand 2016 study. The possible mediating factors assessed were motor vehicle traffic, domestic fires, local industry, and green space. Results: Higher population density was associated with higher concentrations of NO2 (β: 0.18, p < 0.01) and PM2.5 (β: 0.04, p < 0.01). Adverse health outcomes related to NO2 and respiratory hospitalisations attributed to PM2.5 exposure increased incrementally with the density of urban areas. The mediating factor with the strongest effect was motor vehicle traffic. Conclusions: Higher population density in Auckland is associated with worse air quality and related health outcomes. Motor vehicle traffic is the most important source of pollution and is highest in the most densely populated parts of the city. Implications for Public Health: Housing intensification in Auckland will likely increase ill health from air pollution unless steps are taken to reduce exposure to emissions from motor vehicles.
Publikationsart: article
Dateibeschreibung: electronic resource
Sprache: English
ISSN: 1326-0200
Relation: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S132602002400089X; https://doaj.org/toc/1326-0200
DOI: 10.1016/j.anzjph.2024.100213
Zugangs-URL: https://doaj.org/article/7491cdd3bf5441b7b53b62988f34b95f
Dokumentencode: edsdoj.7491cdd3bf5441b7b53b62988f34b95f
Datenbank: Directory of Open Access Journals
Beschreibung
Abstract:Objectives: To explore associations between population density, air pollution concentrations, and related health outcomes in Tāmaki Makaurau Auckland, Aotearoa New Zealand. Methods: Concentrations of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and associated health outcomes (premature mortality, cardiovascular and respiratory hospitalisations, and childhood asthma) were obtained from the Health and Air Pollution in New Zealand 2016 study. The possible mediating factors assessed were motor vehicle traffic, domestic fires, local industry, and green space. Results: Higher population density was associated with higher concentrations of NO2 (β: 0.18, p < 0.01) and PM2.5 (β: 0.04, p < 0.01). Adverse health outcomes related to NO2 and respiratory hospitalisations attributed to PM2.5 exposure increased incrementally with the density of urban areas. The mediating factor with the strongest effect was motor vehicle traffic. Conclusions: Higher population density in Auckland is associated with worse air quality and related health outcomes. Motor vehicle traffic is the most important source of pollution and is highest in the most densely populated parts of the city. Implications for Public Health: Housing intensification in Auckland will likely increase ill health from air pollution unless steps are taken to reduce exposure to emissions from motor vehicles.
ISSN:13260200
DOI:10.1016/j.anzjph.2024.100213