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Timely vaccination with valid doses in a high coverage country, Oman

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Titel: Timely vaccination with valid doses in a high coverage country, Oman
Autoren: Prakash KP, Bader Al-Rawahi, Noura Al-Farsi, Mariyam Al-Shaibi, Athari Al-Jahwari, Bader Al-Abri, Seif Al-Abri, Amal Al-Maani
Quelle: BMC Public Health, Vol 25, Iss 1, Pp 1-7 (2025)
Verlagsinformationen: BMC, 2025.
Publikationsjahr: 2025
Bestand: LCC:Public aspects of medicine
Schlagwörter: Vaccination coverage, Immunization coverage, Coverage survey, Fully vaccinated, Valid doses, Oman, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Beschreibung: Abstract Background Oman has achieved consistently high national immunization coverage; however, the timeliness and validity of vaccine administration remain under-assessed. This study evaluated the timeliness and validity of routine childhood vaccinations to provide a more comprehensive understanding of immunization program performance. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted using WHO cluster sampling, targeting children under five across all 11 governorates and 61 districts in Oman. Data from 17,501 children were collected using the Epicollect5 app and verified through immunization cards and health records. Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and WHO operational definitions were used to assess crude coverage, valid doses, timeliness, and dropout rates. Results Crude national vaccination coverage was high (94.4–99.9%), with 98.7% of children fully immunized. However, only 78% received valid vaccinations, indicating missed or delayed doses. Timely vaccination rates decreased with age, with notable delays at 18 months. Invalid vaccination rates ranged from 3.3% at birth to 28.1% at 18 months, with significant district-level variation. Dropout rates slightly increased with age, peaking in Muscat and Dhofar. Conclusions Oman achieves high vaccination coverage; however, a noteworthy number of children receive invalid doses. This highlights the urgent need to educate parents and healthcare providers on timely administration of valid doses. Assessing mild illnesses and promptly administering vaccinations can improve complete vaccination rates with valid doses.
Publikationsart: article
Dateibeschreibung: electronic resource
Sprache: English
ISSN: 1471-2458
Relation: https://doaj.org/toc/1471-2458
DOI: 10.1186/s12889-025-22920-z
Zugangs-URL: https://doaj.org/article/10e62ddcef0b4e338c49e2bf3589e89c
Dokumentencode: edsdoj.10e62ddcef0b4e338c49e2bf3589e89c
Datenbank: Directory of Open Access Journals
Beschreibung
Abstract:Abstract Background Oman has achieved consistently high national immunization coverage; however, the timeliness and validity of vaccine administration remain under-assessed. This study evaluated the timeliness and validity of routine childhood vaccinations to provide a more comprehensive understanding of immunization program performance. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted using WHO cluster sampling, targeting children under five across all 11 governorates and 61 districts in Oman. Data from 17,501 children were collected using the Epicollect5 app and verified through immunization cards and health records. Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and WHO operational definitions were used to assess crude coverage, valid doses, timeliness, and dropout rates. Results Crude national vaccination coverage was high (94.4–99.9%), with 98.7% of children fully immunized. However, only 78% received valid vaccinations, indicating missed or delayed doses. Timely vaccination rates decreased with age, with notable delays at 18 months. Invalid vaccination rates ranged from 3.3% at birth to 28.1% at 18 months, with significant district-level variation. Dropout rates slightly increased with age, peaking in Muscat and Dhofar. Conclusions Oman achieves high vaccination coverage; however, a noteworthy number of children receive invalid doses. This highlights the urgent need to educate parents and healthcare providers on timely administration of valid doses. Assessing mild illnesses and promptly administering vaccinations can improve complete vaccination rates with valid doses.
ISSN:14712458
DOI:10.1186/s12889-025-22920-z