A Novel Steganography-Based Pattern for Print Matter Anti-Counterfeiting by Smartphone Cameras
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| Title: | A Novel Steganography-Based Pattern for Print Matter Anti-Counterfeiting by Smartphone Cameras |
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| Authors: | Hong Zheng, Chengzhuo Zhou, Xi Li, Zhongyuan Guo, Tianyu Wang |
| Source: | Sensors, Vol 22, Iss 3394, p 3394 (2022) |
| Publisher Information: | MDPI AG |
| Publication Year: | 2022 |
| Collection: | Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
| Subject Terms: | two-dimensional code, anti-counterfeiting printing, steganography, anti-copying pattern, semi-fragile, Chemical technology, TP1-1185 |
| Description: | Print matter authentication based on anti-counterfeiting techniques has received continuously increasing concern from academia and industry. However, the existing printing anti-counterfeiting solutions often have the defects of poor identification experience, high cost, or weak anti-counterfeiting ability, and cannot achieve pre-sale anti-counterfeiting. Therefore, a novel steganography-based pattern for print matter anti-counterfeiting by smartphone cameras is proposed in this study. Firstly, every pixel in the original binary message image (such as QR code) is replaced by a square pixel block with the same binary gray value of 0 or 255 (the first-level expansion). Secondly, the obtained image is encrypted based on the logistic chaotic sequence, and then scrambled by Arnold transform. Lastly, once again every pixel in the generated image is replaced with a square pixel block (the second-level expansion), the size and gray value of which can be set to control the semi-fragile ability to distinguish an originally printed pattern from its illegitimate copy. If the message extracted from the printed pattern through the inverse procedure is complete enough to decode and read, the pattern is assumed to be an original print. Experimental results verify the advancement and effectiveness of the proposed scheme in distinguishing the copied pattern. |
| Document Type: | article in journal/newspaper |
| Language: | English |
| Relation: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/9/3394; https://doaj.org/toc/1424-8220; https://doaj.org/article/79c553925ca84a50a41008ac7c859bfc |
| DOI: | 10.3390/s22093394 |
| Availability: | https://doi.org/10.3390/s22093394 https://doaj.org/article/79c553925ca84a50a41008ac7c859bfc |
| Accession Number: | edsbas.67EF4383 |
| Database: | BASE |
Nájsť tento článok vo Web of Science | Abstract: | Print matter authentication based on anti-counterfeiting techniques has received continuously increasing concern from academia and industry. However, the existing printing anti-counterfeiting solutions often have the defects of poor identification experience, high cost, or weak anti-counterfeiting ability, and cannot achieve pre-sale anti-counterfeiting. Therefore, a novel steganography-based pattern for print matter anti-counterfeiting by smartphone cameras is proposed in this study. Firstly, every pixel in the original binary message image (such as QR code) is replaced by a square pixel block with the same binary gray value of 0 or 255 (the first-level expansion). Secondly, the obtained image is encrypted based on the logistic chaotic sequence, and then scrambled by Arnold transform. Lastly, once again every pixel in the generated image is replaced with a square pixel block (the second-level expansion), the size and gray value of which can be set to control the semi-fragile ability to distinguish an originally printed pattern from its illegitimate copy. If the message extracted from the printed pattern through the inverse procedure is complete enough to decode and read, the pattern is assumed to be an original print. Experimental results verify the advancement and effectiveness of the proposed scheme in distinguishing the copied pattern. |
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| DOI: | 10.3390/s22093394 |