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Theoretical and Numerical Simulation Research on Fire of Large-Span Spatial Structures

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Bibliographic Details
Title: Theoretical and Numerical Simulation Research on Fire of Large-Span Spatial Structures
Authors: Guojun Sun, Xin Zhang, Jinzhi Wu, Shuo Xiao, Suduo Xue
Source: Applied Sciences ; Volume 15 ; Issue 3 ; Pages: 1154
Publisher Information: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Publication Year: 2025
Collection: MDPI Open Access Publishing
Subject Terms: large-span spatial structures, fire temperature fields, fire dynamics simulator, the two-zone temperature field model, theoretical derivation
Subject Geographic: agris
Description: There are obvious differences in shape and space between the large-span spatial structure and the traditional steel structure, and there will be openings at the top of the spatial structure. However, there are few studies on the fire of the spherical dome large space building with openings at the top, which makes the classical plume model inapplicable. The axial temperature of the plume centerline predicted by the traditional plume model is quite different from the real results. Therefore, this paper investigates the temperature dynamics within large-span spatial structures during large-scale fire scenarios, utilizing a combination of theoretical analysis and finite element numerical simulations. It meticulously assesses how different natural ventilation inlet areas affect both the smoke exhaust capacity and the temperature field distribution within these structures. The research expands on the traditional plume model by introducing an enhanced formula for calculating the plume center velocity, specifically designed for large-span structures with top openings. Additionally, using an improved two-region model, the paper derives a logarithmic model that describes the temperature variation as a function of vertical height within the structure. This theoretical model is then compared with numerical simulation results. The study finds that increasing the natural ventilation inlet area significantly enhances the efficiency of smoke exhaust and reduces temperatures within the fire smoke layer of large-span spatial structures. The derived temperature logarithmic curve model shows high precision in predicting the spatial temperature distribution after the fire reaches a quasi-steady state, with an average relative error of 6% between predicted and simulated temperatures, confirming its accuracy. The conclusion is of great significance to the study of fire smoke movement in large-span spatial structures. The obtained logarithmic curve model of temperature under fire provides an important basis for the fire protection ...
Document Type: text
File Description: application/pdf
Language: English
Relation: Applied Industrial Technologies; https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app15031154
DOI: 10.3390/app15031154
Availability: https://doi.org/10.3390/app15031154
Rights: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Accession Number: edsbas.270457EB
Database: BASE
Description
Abstract:There are obvious differences in shape and space between the large-span spatial structure and the traditional steel structure, and there will be openings at the top of the spatial structure. However, there are few studies on the fire of the spherical dome large space building with openings at the top, which makes the classical plume model inapplicable. The axial temperature of the plume centerline predicted by the traditional plume model is quite different from the real results. Therefore, this paper investigates the temperature dynamics within large-span spatial structures during large-scale fire scenarios, utilizing a combination of theoretical analysis and finite element numerical simulations. It meticulously assesses how different natural ventilation inlet areas affect both the smoke exhaust capacity and the temperature field distribution within these structures. The research expands on the traditional plume model by introducing an enhanced formula for calculating the plume center velocity, specifically designed for large-span structures with top openings. Additionally, using an improved two-region model, the paper derives a logarithmic model that describes the temperature variation as a function of vertical height within the structure. This theoretical model is then compared with numerical simulation results. The study finds that increasing the natural ventilation inlet area significantly enhances the efficiency of smoke exhaust and reduces temperatures within the fire smoke layer of large-span spatial structures. The derived temperature logarithmic curve model shows high precision in predicting the spatial temperature distribution after the fire reaches a quasi-steady state, with an average relative error of 6% between predicted and simulated temperatures, confirming its accuracy. The conclusion is of great significance to the study of fire smoke movement in large-span spatial structures. The obtained logarithmic curve model of temperature under fire provides an important basis for the fire protection ...
DOI:10.3390/app15031154