Diminishing benefits of urban living for children and adolescents’ growth and development

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Title: Diminishing benefits of urban living for children and adolescents’ growth and development
Authors: Mishra, A. Zhou, B. Rodriguez-Martinez, A. Bixby, H. Singleton, R.K. Carrillo-Larco, R.M. Sheffer, K.E. Paciorek, C.J. Bennett, J.E. Lhoste, V. Iurilli, M.L.C. Di Cesare, M. Bentham, J. Phelps, N.H. Sophiea, M.K. Stevens, G.A. Danaei, G. Cowan, M.J. Savin, S. Riley, L.M. Gregg, E.W. Aekplakorn, W. Ahmad, N.A. Baker, J.L. Chirita-Emandi, A. Farzadfar, F. Fink, G. Heinen, M. Ikeda, N. Kengne, A.P. Khang, Y.-H. Laatikainen, T. Laxmaiah, A. Ma, J. Monroy-Valle, M. Mridha, M.K. Padez, C.P. Reynolds, A. Sorić, M. Starc, G. Wirth, J.P. Abarca-Gómez, L. Abdeen, Z.A. Abdrakhmanova, S. Ghaffar, S.A. Abdul Rahim, H.F. Abdurrahmonova, Z. Abu-Rmeileh, N.M. Garba, J.A. Acosta-Cazares, B. Adam, I. Adamczyk, M. Adams, R.J. Adu-Afarwuah, S. Afsana, K. Afzal, S. Agbor, V.N. Agdeppa, I.A. Aghazadeh-Attari, J. Aguenaou, H. Aguilar-Salinas, C.A. Agyemang, C. Ahmad, M.H. Ahmadi, A. Ahmadi, N. Ahmadi, N. Ahmed, I. Ahmed, S.H. Ahrens, W. Aitmurzaeva, G. Ajlouni, K. Al-Hazzaa, H.M. Al-Lahou, B. Al-Raddadi, R. Al Hourani, H.M. Al Qaoud, N.M. Alarouj, M. AlBuhairan, F. AlDhukair, S. Aldwairji, M.A. Alexius, S. Ali, M.M. Alkandari, A. Alkerwi, A. Alkhatib, B.M. Allin, K. Alvarez-Pedrerol, M. Aly, E. Amarapurkar, D.N. Etxezarreta, P.A. Amoah, J. Amougou, N. Amouyel, P. Andersen, L.B. Anderssen, S.A. Androutsos, O. Ängquist, L. Anjana, R.M. Ansari-Moghaddam, A. Anufrieva, E. Aounallah-Skhiri, H. Araújo, J. Ariansen, I. Aris, T. Arku, R.E. Arlappa, N. Aryal, K.K. Aseffa, N. Aspelund, T. Assah, F.K. Assembekov, B. Assunção, M.C.F. Aung, M.S. Auvinen, J. Avdičová, M. Avi, S. Azevedo, A. Azimi-Nezhad, M. Azizi, F. Azmin, M. Babu, B.V. Jørgensen, M.B. Baharudin, A. Bahijri, S. Bakacs, M. Balakrishna, N. Balanova, Y. Bamoshmoosh, M. Banach, M. Banegas, J.R. Baran, J. Baran, R. Barbagallo, C.M. Filho, V.B. Barceló, A. Baretić, M. Barkat, A. Barnoya, J. Barrera, L. Barreto, M. Barros, A.J.D. Barros, M.V.G. Bartosiewicz, A. Basit, A. Bastos, J.L.D. Bata, I. Batieha, A.M. Batista, A.P. Batista, R.L. Battakova, Z. Baur, L.A. Bayauli, P.M. Beaglehole, R. Bel-Serrat, S. Belavendra, A. Ben Romdhane, H. Benedics, J. Benet, M. Rolandi, G.E.B. Bere, E. Bergh, I.H. Berhane, Y. Berkinbayev, S. Bernabe-Ortiz, A. Bernotiene, G. Carrasola, X.B. Bettiol, H. Beutel, M.E. Beybey, A.F. Bezerra, J. Bhagyalaxmi, A. Bharadwaj, S. Bhargava, S.K. Bi, H. Bi, Y. Bia, D. Biasch, K. Lele, E.C.B. Bikbov, M.M. Bista, B. Bjelica, D.J. Bjerregaard, A.A. Bjerregaard, P. Bjertness, E. Bjertness, M.B. Björkelund, C. Bloch, K.V. Blokstra, A. Magnazu, M.B. Bo, S. Bobak, M. Boddy, L.M. Boehm, B.O. Boer, J.M.A. Boggia, J.G. Bogova, E. Boissonnet, C.P. Bojesen, S.E. Bonaccio, M. Bongard, V. Bonilla-Vargas, A. Bopp, M. Borghs, H. Bovet, P. Boymatova, K. Braeckevelt, L. Braeckman, L. Bragt, M.C.E. Brajkovich, I. Branca, F. Breckenkamp, J. Breda, J. Brenner, H. Brewster, L.M. Brian, G.R. Briceño, Y. Brinduse, L. Brito, M. Brophy, S. Brug, J. Bruno, G. Bugge, A. Buntinx, F. Buoncristiano, M. Burazeri, G. Burns, C. de León, A.C. Cacciottolo, J. Cai, H. Caixeta, R.B. Cama, T. Cameron, C. Camolas, J. Can, G. Cândido, A.P.C. Cañete, F. Capanzana, M.V. Čapková, N. Capuano, E. Capuano, R. Capuano, V. Cardol, M. Cardoso, V.C. Carlsson, A.C. Carmuega, E. Carvalho, J. Casajús, J.A. Casanueva, F.F. Casas, M. Celikcan, E. Censi, L. Cervantes‐Loaiza, M. Cesar, J.A. Chamukuttan, S. Chan, A. Chan, Q. Chaturvedi, H.K. Chaturvedi, N. Rahim, N.C.A. Chee, M.L. Chen, C.-J. Chen, F. Chen, H. Chen, S. Chen, Z. Cheng, C.-Y. Cheng, Y.J. Cheraghian, B. Chetrit, A. Chikova-Iscener, E. Chinapaw, M.J.M. Chinnock, A. Chiolero, A. Chiou, S.-T. Chirlaque, M.-D. Cho, B. Christensen, K. Christofaro, D.G. Chudek, J. Cifkova, R. Cilia, M. Cinteza, E. Cirillo, M. Claessens, F. Clarke, J. Clays, E. Cohen, E. Compañ-Gabucio, L.-M. Concin, H. Confortin, S.C. Cooper, C. Coppinger, T.C. Corpeleijn, E. Cortés, L.Y. Costanzo, S. Cottel, D. Cowell, C. Craig, C.L. Crampin, A.C. Cross, A.J. Crujeiras, A.B. Cruz, J.J. Csányi, T. Csilla, S. Cucu, A.M. Cui, L. Cureau, F.V. Cuschieri, S. Czenczek-Lewandowska, E. D’Arrigo, G. d’Orsi, E. Dacica, L. Dallongeville, J. Damasceno, A. Damsgaard, C.T. Dankner, R. Dantoft, T.M. Dasgupta, P. Dastgiri, S. Dauchet, L. Davletov, K. de Assis, M.A.A. De Backer, G. De Bacquer, D. De Curtis, A. de Fragas Hinnig, P. de Gaetano, G. De Henauw, S. De Miguel-Etayo, P. de Oliveira, P.D. De Ridder, D. De Ridder, K. de Rooij, S.R. De Smedt, D. Deepa, M. Deev, A.D. DeGennaro, V., Jr Delisle, H. Delpeuch, F. Demarest, S. Dennison, E. Dereń, K. Deschamps, V. Dhimal, M. Di Castelnuovo, A. Dias-da-Costa, J.S. Díaz-Sánchez, M.E. Diaz, A. Fernández, P.D. Ripollés, M.P.D. Dika, Z. Djalalinia, S. Djordjic, V. Do, H.T.P. Dobson, A.J. Dominguez, L. Donati, M.B. Donfrancesco, C. Dong, G. Dong, Y. Donoso, S.P. Döring, A. Dorobantu, M. Dorosty, A.R. Doua, K. Dragano, N. Drygas, W. Duan, J.L. Duante, C.A. Duboz, P. Duleva, V.L. Dulskiene, V. Dumith, S.C. Dushpanova, A. Dyussupova, A. Dzerve, V. Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk, E. Echeverría, G. Eddie, R. Eftekhar, E. Egbagbe, E.E. Eggertsen, R. Eghtesad, S. Eiben, G. Ekelund, U. El-Khateeb, M. El Ammari, L. El Ati, J. Eldemire-Shearer, D. Eliasen, M. Elliott, P. Endevelt, R. Engle-Stone, R. Erasmus, R.T. Erbel, R. Erem, C. Ergor, G. Eriksen, L. Eriksson, J.G. Escobedo-de la Peña, J. Eslami, S. Esmaeili, A. Evans, A. Faeh, D. Fakhradiyev, I. Fakhretdinova, A.A. Fall, C.H. Faramarzi, E. Farjam, M. Sant’Angelo, V.F. Fattahi, M.R. Fawwad, A. Fawzi, W.W. Feigl, E. Felix-Redondo, F.J. Ferguson, T.S. Fernandes, R.A. Fernández-Bergés, D. Ferrante, D. Ferrao, T. Ferrari, G. Ferrari, M. Ferrario, M.M. Ferreccio, C. Ferreira, H.S. Ferrer, E. Ferrieres, J. Figueiró, T.H. Fijalkowska, A. Fisberg, M. Fischer, K. Foo, L.H. Forsner, M. Fouad, H.M. Francis, D.K. do Carmo Franco, M. Fras, Z. Frontera, G. Fuchs, F.D. Fuchs, S.C. Fujiati, I.I. Fujita, Y. Fumihiko, M. Furdela, V. Furusawa, T. Gaciong, Z. Gafencu, M. Cuesta, M.G. Galbarczyk, A. Galenkamp, H. Galeone, D. Galfo, M. Galvano, F. Gao, J. Gao, P. Garcia-de-la-Hera, M. Mérida, M.J.G. Solano, M.G. Gareta, D. Garnett, S.P. Gaspoz, J.-M. Gasull, M. Gaya, A.C.A. Gaya, A.R. Gazzinelli, A. Gehring, U. Geiger, H. Geleijnse, J.M. George, R. Ghaderi, E. Ghanbari, A. Ghasemi, E. Gheorghe-Fronea, O.-F. Gialluisi, A. Giampaoli, S. Gianfagna, F. Gieger, C. Gill, T.K. Giovannelli, J. Gironella, G. Giwercman, A. Gkiouras, K. Glushkova, N. Gluškova, N. Godara, R. Godos, J. Gogen, S. Goldberg, M. Goltzman, D. Gómez, G. Gómez, J.H.G. Gomez, L.F. Gómez, S.F. Gomula, A. da Silva, B.G.C. Gonçalves, H. Gonçalves, M. González-Alvarez, A.D. Gonzalez-Chica, D.A. González-Gil, E.M. Gonzalez-Gross, M. González-Leon, M. González-Rivas, J.P. González-Villalpando, C. González-Villalpando, M.-E. Gonzalez, A.R. Gottrand, F. Graça, A.P. Graff-Iversen, S. Grafnetter, D. Grajda, A. Grammatikopoulou, M.G. Gregor, R.D. Gregório, M.J. Grøholt, E.K. Grøntved, A. Grosso, G. Gruden, G. Gu, D. Guajardo, V. Gualdi-Russo, E. Guallar-Castillón, P. Gualtieri, A. Gudmundsson, E.F. Gudnason, V. Guerrero, R. Guessous, I. Guimaraes, A.L. Gulliford, M.C. Gunnlaugsdottir, J. Gunter, M.J. Guo, X.-H. Guo, Y. Gupta, P.C. Gupta, R. Gureje, O. González, E.G. Gutierrez, L. Gutzwiller, F. Gwee, X. Ha, S. Hadaegh, F. Hadjigeorgiou, C.A. Haghshenas, R. Hakimi, H. Halkjær, J. Hambleton, I.R. Hamzeh, B. Hanekom, W.A. Hange, D. Hanif, A.A.M. Hantunen, S. Hao, J. Hardman, C.M. Kumar, R.H. Lassen, T.H. Harooni, J. Hashemi-Shahri, S.M. Hassapidou, M. Hata, J. Haugsgjerd, T. Hayes, A.J. He, J. He, Y. He, Y. Heidinger-Felső, R. Heier, M. Hejgaard, T. Hendriks, M.E. dos Santos Henrique, R. Henriques, A. Cadena, L.H. Herrala, S. Herrera-Cuenca, M. Herrera, V.M. Herter-Aeberli, I. Herzig, K.-H. Heshmat, R. Hill, A.G. Ho, S.Y. Ho, S.C. Hobbs, M. Höfelmann, D.A. Holdsworth, M. Homayounfar, R. Homs, C. Hopman, W.M. Horimoto, A.R.V.R. Hormiga, C.M. Horta, B.L. Houti, L. Howitt, C. Htay, T.T. Htet, A.S. Htike, M.M.T. Hu, Y. Huerta, J.M. Huhtaniemi, I.T. Huiart, L. Petrescu, C.H. Huisman, M. Husseini, A. Huu, C.N. Huybrechts, I. Hwalla, N. Hyska, J. Iacoviello, L. Iakupova, E.M. Ibarluzea, J.M. Ibrahim, M.M. Wong, N.I. Ikram, M.A. Iñiguez, C. Iotova, V. Irazola, V.E. Ishida, T. Isiguzo, G.C. Islam, M. Islam, S.M.S. Islek, D. Ivanova-Pandourska, I.Y. Iwasaki, M. Jääskeläinen, T. Jackson, R.T. Jacobs, J.M. Jadoul, M. Jafar, T. Jallow, B. James, K. Jamil, K.M. Jamrozik, K. Jansson, A. Janszky, I. Janus, E. Jarani, J. Jarvelin, M.-R. Jasienska, G. Jelaković, A. Jelaković, B. Jennings, G. Jiang, C.Q. Jimenez, R.O. Jöckel, K.-H. Joffres, M. Jokelainen, J.J. Jonas, J.B. Jonnagaddala, J. Jørgensen, T. Joshi, P. Josipović, J. Joukar, F. Jóźwiak, J.J. Judge, D.S. Juolevi, A. Jurak, G. Simina, I.J. Juresa, V. Kaaks, R. Kaducu, F.O. Kafatos, A. Kaj, M. Kajantie, E.O. Kakutia, N. Kállayová, D. Kalmatayeva, Z. Kalter-Leibovici, O. Kameli, Y. Kampmann, F.B. Kanala, K.R. Kannan, S. Kapantais, E. Karaglani, E. Karakosta, A. Kårhus, L.L. Karki, K.B. Katchunga, P.B. Katibeh, M. Katz, J. Katzmarzyk, P.T. Kauhanen, J. Kaur, P. Kavousi, M. Kazakbaeva, G.M. Kaze, F.F. Ke, C. Keil, U. Boker, L.K. Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi, S. Kelishadi, R. Kelleher, C. Kemper, H.C.G. Keramati, M. Kerimkulova, A. Kersting, M. Key, T. Khader, Y.S. Khaledifar, A. Khalili, D. Khaw, K.-T. Kheiri, B. Kheradmand, M. Khosravi, A. Khouw, I.M.S.L. Kiechl-Kohlendorfer, U. Kiechl, S.J. Kiechl, S. Killewo, J. Kim, H.C. Kim, J. Kindblom, J.M. Kingston, A. Klakk, H. Klimek, M. Klimont, J. Klumbiene, J. Knoflach, M. Koirala, B. Kolle, E. Kolsteren, P. König, J. Korpelainen, R. Korrovits, P. Korzycka, M. Kos, J. Koskinen, S. Kouda, K. Kovács, É. Kovacs, V.A. Kovalskys, I. Kowlessur, S. Koziel, S. Kratenova, J. Kratzer, W. Kriaucioniene, V. Kriemler, S. Kristensen, P.L. Krizan, H. Kroker-Lobos, M.F. Krokstad, S. Kromhout, D. Kruger, H.S. Kruger, R. Kryst, Ł. Kubinova, R. Kuciene, R. Kujala, U.M. Kujundzic, E. Kulaga, Z. Kulimbet, M. Kumar, R.K. Kunešová, M. Kurjata, P. Kusuma, Y.S. Kutsenko, V. Kuulasmaa, K. Kyobutungi, C. La, Q.N. Laamiri, F.Z. Lachat, C. Lackner, K.J. Laid, Y. Lall, L. Lam, T.H. Jimenez, M.L. Landais, E. Lanska, V. Lappas, G. Larijani, B. Larissa, S.P. Latt, T.S. Laurenzi, M. Lauria, L. Lazo-Porras, M. Le Coroller, G. Le Nguyen Bao, K. Le Port, A. Le, T.D. Lee, J. Lee, J. Lee, P.H. Lehmann, N. Lehtimäki, T. Lemogoum, D. Leskošek, B. Leszczak, J. Leth-Møller, K.B. Leung, G.M. Levitt, N.S. Li, Y. Liivak, M. Lilly, C.L. Lim, C. Lim, W.-Y. Lima-Costa, M.F. Lin, H.-H. Lin, X. Lin, Y.-T. Lind, L. Lingam, V. Linkohr, B. Linneberg, A. Lissner, L. Litwin, M. Liu, J. Liu, L. Lo, W.-C. Loit, H.-M. Long, K.Q. Abril, G.L. Lopes, L. Lopes, M.V.V. Lopes, O. Lopez-Garcia, E. Lopez, T. Lotufo, P.A. Lozano, J.E. Lukrafka, J.L. Luksiene, D. Lundqvist, A. Lunet, N. Lunogelo, C. Lustigová, M. Łuszczki, E. M’Buyamba-Kabangu, J.-R. Ma, G. Ma, X. Machado-Coelho, G.L.L. Machado-Rodrigues, A.M. Macia, E. Macieira, L.M. Madar, A.A. Madsen, A.L. Maestre, G.E. Maggi, S. Magliano, D.J. Magnacca, S. Magriplis, E. Mahasampath, G. Maire, B. Majer, M. Makdisse, M. Mäki, P. Malekzadeh, F. Malekzadeh, R. Malhotra, R. Rao, K.M. Malyutina, S.K. Maniego, L.V. Manios, Y. Manix, M.I. Mann, J.I. Mansour-Ghanaei, F. Manyanga, T. Manzato, E. Marcil, A. Margozzini, P. Mariño, J. Markaki, A. Markey, O. Ioannidou, E.M. Marques-Vidal, P. Marques, L.P. Marrugat, J. Martin-Prevel, Y. Martin, R. Martorell, R. Martos, E. Maruszczak, K. Marventano, S. Masala, G. Mascarenhas, L.P. Masoodi, S.R. Mathiesen, E.B. Mathur, P. Matijasevich, A. Matłosz, P. Matsha, T.E. Matsudo, V. Mavrogianni, C. Mazur, A. Mbanya, J.C.N. McFarlane, S.R. McGarvey, S.T. McKee, M. McLachlan, S. McLean, R.M. McLean, S.B. McNairy, M.L. McNulty, B.A. Benchekor, S.M. Medzioniene, J. Mehdipour, P. Mehlig, K. Mehrparvar, A.H. Meirhaeghe, A. Meisfjord, J. Meisinger, C. Melgarejo, J.D. Melkumova, M. Mello, J. Méndez, F. Mendivil, C.O. Menezes, A.M.B. Menon, G.R. Mensink, G.B.M. Menzano, M.T. Meshram, I.I. Meto, D.T. Mi, J. Michaelsen, K.F. Michels, N. Mikkel, K. Miłkowska, K. Miller, J.C. Milushkina, O. Minderico, C.S. Mini, G.K. Miquel, J.F. Miranda, J.J. Mirjalili, M.R. Mirkopoulou, D. Mirrakhimov, E. Mišigoj-Duraković, M. Mistretta, A. Mocanu, V. Modesti, P.A. Moghaddam, S.S. Mohajer, B. Mohamed, M.K. Mohamed, S.F. Mohammad, K. Mohammadi, M.R. Mohammadi, Z. Mohammadifard, N. Mohammadpourhodki, R. Mohan, V. Mohanna, S. Yusoff, M.F.M. Mohebbi, I. Mohebi, F. Moitry, M. Møllehave, L.T. Møller, N.C. Molnár, D. Momenan, A. Mondo, C.K. Montenegro Mendoza, R.A. Monterrubio-Flores, E. Monyeki, K.D.K. Moon, J.S. Moosazadeh, M. Mopa, H.T. Moradpour, F. Moreira, L.B. Morejon, A. Moreno, L.A. Morey, F. Morgan, K. Morin, S.N. Mortensen, E.L. Moschonis, G. Moslem, A. Mossakowska, M. Mostafa, A. Mostafavi, S.-A. Mota-Pinto, A. Mota, J. Motlagh, M.E. Motta, J. Moura-dos-Santos, M.A. Movsesyan, Y. Msyamboza, K.P. Mu, T.T. Muc, M. Muca, F. Mugoša, B. Muiesan, M.L. Müller-Nurasyid, M. Münzel, T. Mursu, J. Murtagh, E.M. Musa, K.I. Milanović, S.M. Musil, V. Musinguzi, G. Muyer, M.T.M.C. Nabipour, I. Naderimagham, S. Nagel, G. Najafi, F. Nakamura, H. Nalecz, H. Námešná, J. Nang, E.E.K. Nangia, V.B. Nankap, M. Narake, S. Nardone, P. Naseri, T. Nauck, M. Neal, W.A. Nejatizadeh, A. Nekkantti, C. Nelis, K. Nenko, I. Neovius, M. Nervi, F. Ng, T.P. Nguyen, C.T. Nguyen, N.D. Nguyen, Q.N. Ni, M.Y. Nicolescu, R. Nie, P. Nieto-Martínez, R.E. Nikitin, Y.P. Ning, G. Ninomiya, T. Nishi, N. Nishtar, S. Noale, M. Noboa, O.A. Nogueira, H. Nordendahl, M. Nordestgaard, B.G. Noto, D. Nowak-Szczepanska, N. Nsour, M.A. Nuhoğlu, I. Nunes, B. Nurk, E. Nuwaha, F. Nyirenda, M. O’Neill, T.W. O’Reilly, D. Obreja, G. Ochimana, C. Ochoa-Avilés, A.M. Oda, E. Odili, A.N. Oh, K. Ohara, K. Ohlsson, C. Ohtsuka, R. Olafsson, Ö. Olinto, M.T.A. Oliveira, I.O. Omar, M.A. Omar, S.M. Onat, A. Ong, S.K. Onland-Moret, N.C. Ono, L.M. Ordunez, P. Ornelas, R. Ortiz, A.P. Ortiz, P.J. Osler, M. Osmond, C. Ostojic, S.M. Ostovar, A. Otero, J.A. Overvad, K. Owusu-Dabo, E. Paccaud, F.M. Pagkalos, I. Pahomova, E. de Paiva, K.M. Pająk, A. Palloni, A. Palmieri, L. Pan, W.-H. Panda-Jonas, S. Pandey, A. Panza, F. Paoli, M. Papadopoulou, S.K. Papandreou, D. Pareja, R.G. Park, S.-W. Park, S. Parnell, W.R. Parsaeian, M. Pascanu, I.M. Pasquet, P. Patel, N.D. Pattussi, M. Pavlyshyn, H. Pechlaner, R. Pećin, I. Pednekar, M.S. Pedro, J.M. Peer, N. Peixoto, S.V. Peltonen, M. Pereira, A.C. Peres, M.A. Pérez, C.M. Peterkova, V. Peters, A. Petersmann, A. Petkeviciene, J. Petrauskiene, A. Kovtun, O.P. Pettenuzzo, E. Peykari, N. Pfeiffer, N. Phall, M.C. Pham, S.T. Pichardo, R.N. Pierannunzio, D. Pigeot, I. Pikhart, H. Pilav, A. Pilotto, L. Pistelli, F. Pitakaka, F. Piwonska, A. Pizarro, A.N. Plans-Rubió, P. Platonova, A.G. Poh, B.K. Pohlabeln, H. Polka, N.S. Pop, R.M. Popovic, S.R. Porta, M. Posch, G. Poudyal, A. Poulimeneas, D. Pouraram, H. Pourfarzi, F. Pourshams, A. Poustchi, H. Pradeepa, R. Price, A.J. Price, J.F. Prista, A. Providencia, R. Puder, J.J. Pudule, I. Puiu, M. Punab, M. Qadir, M.S. Qasrawi, R.F. Qorbani, M. Quintana, H.K. Quiroga-Padilla, P.J. Bao, T.Q. Rach, S. Radic, I. Radisauskas, R. Rahimikazerooni, S. Rahman, M. Rahman, M. Raitakari, O. Raj, M. Rajabov, T. Rakhmatulloev, S. Rakovac, I. Rao, S.R. Ramachandran, A. Ramadan, O.P.C. Ramires, V.V. Ramke, J. Ramos, E. Ramos, R. Rampal, L. Rampal, S. Rangelova, L.S. Rarra, V. Rascon-Pacheco, R.A. Rech, C.R. Redon, J. Reganit, P.F.M. Regecová, V. Renner, J.D.P. Repasy, J.A. Reuter, C.P. Revilla, L. Rezaianzadeh, A. Rho, Y. Ribas-Barba, L. Ribeiro, R. Riboli, E. Richter, A. Rigo, F. Rigotti, A. Rinaldo, N. Rinke de Wit, T.F. Rito, A.I. Ritti-Dias, R.M. Rivera, J.A. Roa, R.G. Robinson, L. Robitaille, C. Roccaldo, R. Rodrigues, D. Rodríguez-Artalejo, F. del Cristo Rodriguez-Perez, M. Rodríguez-Villamizar, L.A. Rodríguez, A.Y. Roggenbuck, U. Rohloff, P. Rohner, F. Rojas-Martinez, R. Rojroongwasinkul, N. Romaguera, D. Romeo, E.L. Rosario, R.V. Rosengren, A. Rouse, I. Rouzier, V. Roy, J.G.R. Ruano, M.H. Rubinstein, A. Rühli, F.J. Ruidavets, J.-B. Ruiz-Betancourt, B.S. Ruiz-Castell, M. Moreno, E.R. Rusakova, I.A. Jonsson, K.R. Russo, P. Rust, P. Rutkowski, M. Saamel, M. Sabanayagam, C. Sabbaghi, H. Sacchini, E. Sachdev, H.S. Sadjadi, A. Safarpour, A.R. Safi, S. Safiri, S. Saghi, M.H. Saidi, O. Saki, N. Šalaj, S. Salanave, B. Martinez, E.S. Saleva, C. Salmerón, D. Salomaa, V. Salonen, J.T. Salvetti, M. Samoutian, M. Sánchez-Abanto, J. Rodríguez, I.S. Sandjaja Sans, S. Marina, L.S. Santacruz, E. Santos, D.A. Santos, I.S. Santos, L.C. Santos, M.P. Santos, O. Santos, R. Santos, T.R. Saramies, J.L. Sardinha, L.B. Sarrafzadegan, N. Sathish, T. Saum, K.-U. Savva, S. Savy, M. Sawada, N. Sbaraini, M. Scazufca, M. Schaan, B.D. Rosario, A.S. Schargrodsky, H. Schienkiewitz, A. Schindler, K. Schipf, S. Schmidt, C.O. Schmidt, I.M. Schneider, A. Schnohr, P. Schöttker, B. Schramm, S. Schramm, S. Schröder, H. Schultsz, C. Schulze, M.B. Schutte, A.E. Sebert, S. Sedaghattalab, M. Selamat, R. Sember, V. Sen, A. Senbanjo, I.O. Sepanlou, S.G. Sequera, G. Serra-Majem, L. Servais, J. Ševčíková, Ľ. Shalnova, S. Shamah-Levy, T. Shamshirgaran, S.M. Shanthirani, C.S. Sharafkhah, M. Sharma, S.K. Shaw, J.E. Shayanrad, A. Shayesteh, A.A. Shengelia, L. Shi, Z. Shibuya, K. Shimizu-Furusawa, H. Shimony, T. Shiri, R. Shrestha, N. Si-Ramlee, K. Siani, A. Siantar, R. Sibai, A.M. Sidossis, L.S. Silitrari, N. Silva, A.M. de Moura Silva, C.R. Silva, D.A.S. Silva, K.S. Sim, X. Simon, M. Simons, J. Simons, L.A. Sjöberg, A. Sjöström, M. Skoblina, N.A. Skodje, G. Slazhnyova, T. Slowikowska-Hilczer, J. Slusarczyk, P. Smeeth, L. So, H.-K. Soares, F.C. Sobek, G. Sobngwi, E. Sodemann, M. Söderberg, S. Soekatri, M.Y.E. Soemantri, A. Sofat, R. Solfrizzi, V. Somi, M.H. Sonestedt, E. Song, Y. Soofi, S. Sørensen, T.I.A. Sørgjerd, E.P. Jérome, C.S. Soto-Rojas, V.E. Soumaré, A. Sousa-Poza, A. Sovic, S. Sparboe-Nilsen, B. Sparrenberger, K. Spencer, P.R. Spinelli, A. Spiroski, I. Staessen, J.A. Stamm, H. Staub, K. Stavreski, B. Steene-Johannessen, J. Stehle, P. Stein, A.D. Stergiou, G.S. Stessman, J. Stevanović, R. Stieber, J. Stöckl, D. Stokwiszewski, J. Stoyanova, E. Stratton, G. Stronks, K. Strufaldi, M.W. Sturua, L. Suárez-Medina, R. Suka, M. Sun, C.-A. Sun, L. Sundström, J. Sung, Y.-T. Sunyer, J. Suriyawongpaisal, P. Sweis, N.W.G. Swinburn, B.A. Sy, R.G. Sylva, R.C. Szklo, M. Szponar, L. Tabone, L. Tai, E.S. Tambalis, K.D. Tammesoo, M.-L. Tamosiunas, A. Tan, E.J. Tang, X. Tanrygulyyeva, M. Tanser, F. Tao, Y. Tarawneh, M.R. Tarp, J. Tarqui-Mamani, C.B. Braunerová, R.T. Taylor, A. Taylor, J. Tchibindat, F. Te Velde, S. Tebar, W.R. Tell, G.S. Tello, T. Tham, Y.C. Thankappan, K.R. Theobald, H. Theodoridis, X. Thomas, N. Thorand, B. Thuesen, B.H. Tichá, Ľ. Timmermans, E.J. Tjandrarini, D.H. Tjonneland, A. Tolonen, H.K. Tolstrup, J.S. Topbas, M. Topór-Mądry, R. Torheim, L.E. Tormo, M.J. Tornaritis, M.J. Torrent, M. Torres-Collado, L. Toselli, S. Touloumi, G. Traissac, P. Tran, T.T.-H. Tremblay, M.S. Triantafyllou, A. Trichopoulos, D. Trichopoulou, A. Trinh, O.T.H. Trivedi, A. Tsao, Y.-H. Tshepo, L. Tsigga, M. Tsintavis, P. Tsugane, S. Tuitele, J. Tuliakova, A.M. Tulloch-Reid, M.K. Tullu, F. Tuomainen, T.-P. Tuomilehto, J. Turley, M.L. Twig, G. Tynelius, P. Tzala, E. Tzotzas, T. Tzourio, C. Ueda, P. Ugel, E. Ukoli, F.A.M. Ulmer, H. Unal, B. Usupova, Z. Uusitalo, H.M.T. Uysal, N. Vaitkeviciute, J. Valdivia, G. Vale, S. Valvi, D. van Dam, R.M. van den Born, B.-J. Van der Heyden, J. van der Schouw, Y.T. Van Herck, K. Van Lippevelde, W. Van Minh, H. Van Schoor, N.M. van Valkengoed, I.G.M. Vanderschueren, D. Vanuzzo, D. Varbo, A. Varela-Moreiras, G. Vargas, L.N. Varona-Pérez, P. Vasan, S.K. Vasques, D.G. Vega, T. Veidebaum, T. Velasquez-Melendez, G. Velika, B. Verloigne, M. Veronesi, G. Verschuren, W.M.M. Victora, C.G. Viegi, G. Viet, L. Vik, F.N. Vilar, M. Villalpando, S. Vioque, J. Virtanen, J.K. Visvikis-Siest, S. Viswanathan, B. Vladulescu, M. Vlasoff, T. Vocanec, D. Vollenweider, P. Völzke, H. Voutilainen, A. Vrijheid, M. Vrijkotte, T.G.M. Wade, A.N. Waldhör, T. Walton, J. Wambiya, E.O.A. Bebakar, W.M.W. Mohamud, W.N.W. de Souza Wanderley Júnior, R. Wang, M.-D. Wang, N. Wang, Q. Wang, X. Wang, Y.X. Wang, Y.-W. Wannamethee, S.G. Wareham, N. Weber, A. Webster-Kerr, K. Wedderkopp, N. Weghuber, D. Wei, W. Weres, A. Werner, B. Westbury, L.D. Whincup, P.H. Wickramasinghe, K. Widhalm, K. Widyahening, I.S. Więcek, A. Wild, P.S. Wilks, R.J. Willeit, J. Willeit, P. Williams, J. Wilsgaard, T. Wojciech, R. Wojtyniak, B. Wolf, K. Wong-McClure, R.A. Wong, A. Wong, E.B. Wong, J.E. Wong, T.Y. Woo, J. Woodward, M. Wu, F.C. Wu, H.-Y. Wu, J. Wu, L.J. Wu, S. Wyszyńska, J. Xu, H. Xu, L. Yaacob, N.A. Yamborisut, U. Yan, W. Yang, L. Yang, X. Yang, Y. Yardim, N. Yasuharu, T. García, M.Y. Yiallouros, P.K. Yngve, A. Yoosefi, M. Yoshihara, A. You, Q.S. You, S.-L. Younger-Coleman, N.O. Yu, Y.-L. Yu, Y. Yusof, S.M. Yusoff, A.F. Zaccagni, L. Zafiropulos, V. Zainuddin, A.A. Zakavi, S.R. Zamani, F. Zambon, S. Zampelas, A. Zamrazilová, H. Zapata, M.E. Zargar, A.H. Zaw, K.K. Zayed, A.A. Zdrojewski, T. Żegleń, M. Zejglicova, K. Vrkic, T.Z. Zeng, Y. Zhang, L. Zhang, Z.-Y. Zhao, D. Zhao, M.-H. Zhao, W. Zhecheva, Y.V. Zhen, S. Zheng, W. Zheng, Y. Zholdin, B. Zhou, M. Zhu, D. Zins, M. Zitt, E. Zocalo, Y. Zoghlami, N. Cisneros, J.Z. Zuziak, M. Bhutta, Z.A. Black, R.E. Ezzati, M. NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC)
Publisher Information: 2023.
Publication Year: 2023
Subject Terms: 11. Sustainability, 1. No poverty, 10. No inequality, 3. Good health
Description: Optimal growth and development in childhood and adolescence is crucial for lifelong health and well-being1–6. Here we used data from 2,325 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight from 71 million participants, to report the height and body-mass index (BMI) of children and adolescents aged 5–19 years on the basis of rural and urban place of residence in 200 countries and territories from 1990 to 2020. In 1990, children and adolescents residing in cities were taller than their rural counterparts in all but a few high-income countries. By 2020, the urban height advantage became smaller in most countries, and in many high-income western countries it reversed into a small urban-based disadvantage. The exception was for boys in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and in some countries in Oceania, south Asia and the region of central Asia, Middle East and north Africa. In these countries, successive cohorts of boys from rural places either did not gain height or possibly became shorter, and hence fell further behind their urban peers. The difference between the age-standardized mean BMI of children in urban and rural areas was
Document Type: Article
Language: English
Access URL: https://pergamos.lib.uoa.gr/uoa/dl/object/uoadl:3341936
Accession Number: edsair.od......2127..9a1dfb7bbeab2d79168e8883c26177cc
Database: OpenAIRE
Description
Abstract:Optimal growth and development in childhood and adolescence is crucial for lifelong health and well-being1–6. Here we used data from 2,325 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight from 71 million participants, to report the height and body-mass index (BMI) of children and adolescents aged 5–19 years on the basis of rural and urban place of residence in 200 countries and territories from 1990 to 2020. In 1990, children and adolescents residing in cities were taller than their rural counterparts in all but a few high-income countries. By 2020, the urban height advantage became smaller in most countries, and in many high-income western countries it reversed into a small urban-based disadvantage. The exception was for boys in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and in some countries in Oceania, south Asia and the region of central Asia, Middle East and north Africa. In these countries, successive cohorts of boys from rural places either did not gain height or possibly became shorter, and hence fell further behind their urban peers. The difference between the age-standardized mean BMI of children in urban and rural areas was