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The Danish Drowning Cohort: Utstein-style data from fatal and non-fatal drowning incidents in Denmark: Utstein-style data from fatal and non-fatal drowning incidents in Denmark

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Title: The Danish Drowning Cohort: Utstein-style data from fatal and non-fatal drowning incidents in Denmark: Utstein-style data from fatal and non-fatal drowning incidents in Denmark
Authors: Niklas Breindahl, Kasper Bitzer, Oliver B. Sørensen, Alexander Wildenschild, Signe A. Wolthers, Tim Lindskou, Jacob Steinmetz, Stig N. F. Blomberg, Helle C. Christensen, Theo W. Jensen, Mathias G. Holgersen
Source: BMC Med Res Methodol
BMC Medical Research Methodology, Vol 25, Iss 1, Pp 1-15 (2025)
Breindahl, N, Bitzer, K, Sørensen, O B, Wildenschild, A, Wolthers, S A, Lindskou, T, Steinmetz, J, Blomberg, S N F, Christensen, H C & Danish Drowning Validation Group 2025, 'The Danish Drowning Cohort: Utstein-style data from fatal and non-fatal drowning incidents in Denmark', BMC Medical Research Methodology, vol. 25, no. 1, 28, pp. 28. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12874-025-02483-8
Breindahl, N, Bitzer, K, Sørensen, O B, Wildenschild, A, Wolthers, S A, Lindskou, T, Steinmetz, J, Blomberg, S N F, Christensen, H C & Danish Drowning Validation Group 2025, ' The Danish Drowning Cohort : Utstein-style data from fatal and non-fatal drowning incidents in Denmark ', BMC Medical Research Methodology, vol. 25, 28 . https://doi.org/10.1186/s12874-025-02483-8
The Danish Drowning Validation Group 2025, 'The Danish Drowning Cohort : Utstein-style data from fatal and non-fatal drowning incidents in Denmark', BMC Medical Research Methodology, vol. 25, no. 1, 28. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12874-025-02483-8
Publisher Information: Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025.
Publication Year: 2025
Subject Terms: Drowning/epidemiology, Male, Adult, Medicine (General), Emergency Medical Services, Adolescent, Denmark, Database, Cohort Studies, Young Adult, R5-920, Humans, Preschool, Child, Electronic medical records, Aged, Emergency medical services, Syndromic surveillance, Drowning, Research, Incidence, Emergency Medical Services/statistics & numerical data, Registries/statistics & numerical data, Infant, Register, Middle Aged, Denmark/epidemiology, Child, Preschool, Danish drowning formula, Female, Algorithms
Description: Effective interventions to reduce drowning incidents require accurate and reliable data for scientific analysis. However, the lack of high-quality evidence and the variability in drowning terminology, definitions, and outcomes present significant challenges in assessing studies to inform drowning guidelines. Many drowning reports use inappropriate classifications for drowning incidents, which significantly contributes to the underreporting of drowning. In particular, non-fatal drowning incidents are underreported because many countries do not routinely collect this data.The Danish Drowning Cohort was established in 2016 to facilitate research to improve preventative, rescue, and treatment interventions to reduce the incidence, mortality, and morbidity of drowning. The Danish Drowning Cohort contains nationwide data on all fatal and non-fatal drowning incidents treated by the Danish Emergency Medical Services. Data are extracted from the Danish prehospital electronic medical record using a text-search algorithm (Danish Drowning Formula) and a manual validation process. The WHO definition of drowning, supported by the clarification statement for non-fatal drowning, is used as the case definition to identify drowning. All drowning patients are included, including unwitnessed incidents, non-conveyed patients, patients declared dead prehospital, or patients with obvious clinical signs of irreversible death. This method allows syndromic surveillance and monitors a nationwide cohort of fatal and non-fatal drowning incidents in near-real time to inform future prevention strategies. The Danish Drowning Cohort complies with the Utstein style for drowning reporting guidelines. The 30-day mortality is obtained through the Civil Personal Register to differentiate between fatal and non-fatal drowning incidents. In addition to prehospital data, new data linkages with other Danish registries via the patient's civil registration number will enable the examination of various additional factors associated with drowning risk.The Danish Drowning Cohort contains nationwide prehospital data on all fatal and non-fatal drowning incidents treated by the Danish Emergency Medical Service. It is a basis for all research on drowning in Denmark and may improve preventative, rescue, and treatment interventions to reduce the incidence, mortality, and morbidity of drowning.
Document Type: Article
Other literature type
File Description: application/pdf
Language: English
ISSN: 1471-2288
DOI: 10.1186/s12874-025-02483-8
Access URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39885431
https://doaj.org/article/adb1c3c708874ef09a83b537d2b2c240
https://vbn.aau.dk/da/publications/e7bdfaf3-4d57-4777-9280-b7686687c02d
http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85217623874&partnerID=8YFLogxK
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12874-025-02483-8
https://vbn.aau.dk/ws/files/765036881/Breindahl_et_al._2025_._The_Danish_Drowning_Cohort_-_Utstein-style_data_from_fatal_and_non-fatal_drowning_incidents_in_Denmark.pdf
https://curis.ku.dk/ws/files/424925717/s12874_025_02483_8.pdf
https://portal.findresearcher.sdu.dk/da/publications/5317a8bb-f9a5-43bf-959c-ed0bdf570820
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12874-025-02483-8
https://pure.au.dk/portal/en/publications/15718f3e-4214-415a-b233-deab086610fa
http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85217623874&partnerID=8YFLogxK
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12874-025-02483-8
Rights: CC BY NC ND
Accession Number: edsair.doi.dedup.....f32b20bee2052f1ecdf3f18059b1ba2f
Database: OpenAIRE
Description
Abstract:Effective interventions to reduce drowning incidents require accurate and reliable data for scientific analysis. However, the lack of high-quality evidence and the variability in drowning terminology, definitions, and outcomes present significant challenges in assessing studies to inform drowning guidelines. Many drowning reports use inappropriate classifications for drowning incidents, which significantly contributes to the underreporting of drowning. In particular, non-fatal drowning incidents are underreported because many countries do not routinely collect this data.The Danish Drowning Cohort was established in 2016 to facilitate research to improve preventative, rescue, and treatment interventions to reduce the incidence, mortality, and morbidity of drowning. The Danish Drowning Cohort contains nationwide data on all fatal and non-fatal drowning incidents treated by the Danish Emergency Medical Services. Data are extracted from the Danish prehospital electronic medical record using a text-search algorithm (Danish Drowning Formula) and a manual validation process. The WHO definition of drowning, supported by the clarification statement for non-fatal drowning, is used as the case definition to identify drowning. All drowning patients are included, including unwitnessed incidents, non-conveyed patients, patients declared dead prehospital, or patients with obvious clinical signs of irreversible death. This method allows syndromic surveillance and monitors a nationwide cohort of fatal and non-fatal drowning incidents in near-real time to inform future prevention strategies. The Danish Drowning Cohort complies with the Utstein style for drowning reporting guidelines. The 30-day mortality is obtained through the Civil Personal Register to differentiate between fatal and non-fatal drowning incidents. In addition to prehospital data, new data linkages with other Danish registries via the patient's civil registration number will enable the examination of various additional factors associated with drowning risk.The Danish Drowning Cohort contains nationwide prehospital data on all fatal and non-fatal drowning incidents treated by the Danish Emergency Medical Service. It is a basis for all research on drowning in Denmark and may improve preventative, rescue, and treatment interventions to reduce the incidence, mortality, and morbidity of drowning.
ISSN:14712288
DOI:10.1186/s12874-025-02483-8