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Analyzing the relationship between gas consumption and airborne pollutants: case study of Zagreb, Croatia

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Title: Analyzing the relationship between gas consumption and airborne pollutants: case study of Zagreb, Croatia
Authors: Račić, Nikolina, Ružičić, Stanko, Terzić, Teo, Pehnec, Gordana, Jakovljević, Ivana, Sever Štrukil, Zdravka, Žužul, Silva, Rinkovec, Jasmina, Lovrić, Mario
Source: Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health. 18:507-519
Publication Status: Preprint
Publisher Information: Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2024.
Publication Year: 2024
Subject Terms: air pollution, gas consumption, linear regression, metals, NMF, PAHs, PCA, PAHs, Metals, air pollution, Air pollution, gas consumption, metals, NMF, Linear regression, Gas consumption
Description: Cite this article Račić, N., Ružičić, S., Terzić, T. et al. Analyzing the relationship between gas consumption and airborne pollutants: case study of Zagreb, Croatia. Air Qual Atmos Health (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11869-024-01655-7 Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and metals in particulate matter significantly contribute to the health risks associated with air pollution. Hence, their measurements and source apportionment are relevant. This paper comprehensively analyzes the relationship between gas consumption and PAHs and metals in the PM10 fraction of particulate matter. The study investigates the potential associations using statistical techniques and quantifies the relationship between gas consumption patterns, meteorological conditions, and the measured concentrations of PAHs and metals in the atmosphere. The statistical methods comprise correlation analysis, Non-Negative Matrix Factorization (NMF), and linear regression. NMF analysis was employed to understand relationships among variables and potential sources of pollutants. NMF results revealed seasonal influences and different sources of pollutants in the studied area. PAHs with four aromatic rings have been grouped separately from 5- and 6-ring PAHs, suggesting two distinct sources of pollution – heating and traffic emissions. Metals such as As, Pb, Zn, and Cd are grouped, indicating mixed anthropogenic sources. The separation of Mn, Fe, and Cu in a distinguished group signifies their distinct origin, probably non-combustion traffic emissions (vehicle parts wearing).
Document Type: Article
Conference object
Language: English
ISSN: 1873-9326
1873-9318
DOI: 10.1007/s11869-024-01655-7
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13958489
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13958488
Rights: Springer Nature TDM
CC BY
Accession Number: edsair.doi.dedup.....ecdbe21e6cea33c2a51c7676c965b7f2
Database: OpenAIRE
Description
Abstract:Cite this article Račić, N., Ružičić, S., Terzić, T. et al. Analyzing the relationship between gas consumption and airborne pollutants: case study of Zagreb, Croatia. Air Qual Atmos Health (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11869-024-01655-7 Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and metals in particulate matter significantly contribute to the health risks associated with air pollution. Hence, their measurements and source apportionment are relevant. This paper comprehensively analyzes the relationship between gas consumption and PAHs and metals in the PM10 fraction of particulate matter. The study investigates the potential associations using statistical techniques and quantifies the relationship between gas consumption patterns, meteorological conditions, and the measured concentrations of PAHs and metals in the atmosphere. The statistical methods comprise correlation analysis, Non-Negative Matrix Factorization (NMF), and linear regression. NMF analysis was employed to understand relationships among variables and potential sources of pollutants. NMF results revealed seasonal influences and different sources of pollutants in the studied area. PAHs with four aromatic rings have been grouped separately from 5- and 6-ring PAHs, suggesting two distinct sources of pollution – heating and traffic emissions. Metals such as As, Pb, Zn, and Cd are grouped, indicating mixed anthropogenic sources. The separation of Mn, Fe, and Cu in a distinguished group signifies their distinct origin, probably non-combustion traffic emissions (vehicle parts wearing).
ISSN:18739326
18739318
DOI:10.1007/s11869-024-01655-7