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Zero-Knowledge Proofs from Learning Parity with Noise: Optimization, Verification, and Application

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Název: Zero-Knowledge Proofs from Learning Parity with Noise: Optimization, Verification, and Application
Autoři: Haines, Thomas, Mosaheb, Rafieh, Müller, Johannes, Reetika, Reetika
Přispěvatelé: Mueller, Johannes
Zdroj: 2025 IEEE 38th Computer Security Foundations Symposium (CSF). :441-456
Informace o vydavateli: IEEE, 2025.
Rok vydání: 2025
Témata: Zero-knowledge Proofs, code-based cryptography, formal verification, EasyCrypt, [INFO.INFO-CR] Computer Science [cs]/Cryptography and Security [cs.CR]
Popis: Zero-Knowledge Proofs (ZKPs) are cryptographic building blocks of many privacy-preserving security protocols. An important research focus in this area is the development of post-quantum ZKPs. These are ZKPs whose security is reduced to computational hardness assumptions that are assumed to be intractable even by scalable quantum computers.In this paper, we study the post-quantum ZKPs of Jain, Krenn, Pietrzak, and Tentes (Asiacrypt 2012). These are the only ZKPs for proving arbitrary binary statements whose security reduces to the Learning Parity with Noise (LPN) problem-a very conservative post-quantum hardness assumption.We make the following contributions to further develop the potential and understanding of these ZKPs. First, we optimize the efficiency of the verifier by several orders of magnitude, making this part as computationally light as that of the prover. Second, we show that the only open source implementation of these ZKPs does not implement them correctly, allowing a malicious prover to convince the verifier of false statements. Third, we formally verify for the first time the security of these (optimized) ZKPs in EasyCrypt. Fourth, we show how these ZKPs can be used to construct the first code-based ZKP of shuffle and verifiable e-voting protocol.
Druh dokumentu: Article
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Popis souboru: application/pdf
DOI: 10.1109/csf64896.2025.00010
Přístupová URL adresa: https://inria.hal.science/hal-04856221v1
Rights: STM Policy #29
CC BY
Přístupové číslo: edsair.doi.dedup.....e601b77effd89e2fe023d6f115a7bc18
Databáze: OpenAIRE
Popis
Abstrakt:Zero-Knowledge Proofs (ZKPs) are cryptographic building blocks of many privacy-preserving security protocols. An important research focus in this area is the development of post-quantum ZKPs. These are ZKPs whose security is reduced to computational hardness assumptions that are assumed to be intractable even by scalable quantum computers.In this paper, we study the post-quantum ZKPs of Jain, Krenn, Pietrzak, and Tentes (Asiacrypt 2012). These are the only ZKPs for proving arbitrary binary statements whose security reduces to the Learning Parity with Noise (LPN) problem-a very conservative post-quantum hardness assumption.We make the following contributions to further develop the potential and understanding of these ZKPs. First, we optimize the efficiency of the verifier by several orders of magnitude, making this part as computationally light as that of the prover. Second, we show that the only open source implementation of these ZKPs does not implement them correctly, allowing a malicious prover to convince the verifier of false statements. Third, we formally verify for the first time the security of these (optimized) ZKPs in EasyCrypt. Fourth, we show how these ZKPs can be used to construct the first code-based ZKP of shuffle and verifiable e-voting protocol.
DOI:10.1109/csf64896.2025.00010