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Exposure to air pollution and risk of respiratory tract infections in the adult Danish population—a nationwide study

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Title: Exposure to air pollution and risk of respiratory tract infections in the adult Danish population—a nationwide study
Authors: Kaspersen, Kathrine A, Antonsen, Sussie, Horsdal, Henriette T, Kjerulff, Bertram, Brandt, Jørgen, Geels, Camilla, Christensen, Jesper H, Frohn, Lise M, Sabel, Clive E, Dinh, Khoa M, Hertel, Ole, Sigsgaard, Torben, Pedersen, Carsten B, Erikstrup, Christian
Source: Kaspersen, K A, Antonsen, S, Horsdal, H T, Kjerulff, B, Brandt, J, Geels, C, Christensen, J H, Frohn, L M, Sabel, C E, Dinh, K M, Hertel, O, Sigsgaard, T, Pedersen, C B & Erikstrup, C 2024, 'Exposure to air pollution and risk of respiratory tract infections in the adult Danish population-a nationwide study', Clinical Microbiology and Infection, vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 122-129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2023.10.013
Publisher Information: Elsevier BV, 2024.
Publication Year: 2024
Subject Terms: Adult, Denmark, air pollution, Nitrogen Dioxide, Air pollution, respiratory tract infections, Respiratory Tract Infections/epidemiology, Respiratory tract infections, Particulate Matter/adverse effects, Air Pollution, 11. Sustainability, Air Pollutants/adverse effects, pneumonia, Humans, Respiratory Tract Infections, Public health, Air Pollutants, public health, Respiratory Aerosols and Droplets, Pneumonia, Environmental Exposure, Air Pollution/adverse effects, Denmark/epidemiology, Carbon, 3. Good health, Hospitalization, 13. Climate action, Case-Control Studies, Particulate Matter, hospitalization, Environmental Exposure/adverse effects
Description: The association between air pollution and risk of respiratory tract infection (RTI) in adults needs to be clarified in settings with low to moderate levels of air pollution. We investigated this in the Danish population between 2004 and 2016.We included 3 653 490 persons aged 18-64 years in a nested case-control study. Exposure was defined as the average daily concentration at the individual's residential address of CO, NOX, NO2, O3, SO2, NH3, PPM2.5, black carbon, organic carbon, mineral dust, sea salt, secondary inorganic aerosols, SO42-, NO3-, NH4+, secondary organic aerosols, PM2.5, and PM10 during a 3-month exposure window. RTIs were defined by hospitalization for RTIs. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and 95% CIs were estimated comparing highest with lowest decile of exposure using conditional logistic regression models.In total, 188 439 incident cases of RTI were identified. Exposure to most air pollutants was positively associated with risk of RTI. For example, NO2 showed an IRR of 1.52 (CI: 1.48-1.55), and PM2.5 showed an IRR of 1.45 (CI: 1.40-1.50). In contrast, exposure to sea salt, PM10, NH3, and O3 was negatively associated with a risk of RTIs.In this nationwide study comprising adults, exposure to air pollution was associated with risk of RTIs and subgroups hereof. Sea salt, PM10, NH3, and O3 may be proxies for rural areas, as the levels of these species in Denmark are higher near the western coastlines and/or in rural areas with fewer combustion sources.
Document Type: Article
File Description: application/pdf
Language: English
ISSN: 1198-743X
DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2023.10.013
Access URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37858866
https://pure.au.dk/portal/en/publications/a85a1f33-4c2f-4cd4-b929-de3f9d085a50
https://pure.au.dk/portal/en/publications/a85a1f33-4c2f-4cd4-b929-de3f9d085a50
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2023.10.013
https://pure.au.dk/ws/files/384330026/1-s2.0-S1198743X23005219-main.pdf
Rights: CC BY
Accession Number: edsair.doi.dedup.....dc0d6f726e735cef1ac47c6fb8490f34
Database: OpenAIRE
Description
Abstract:The association between air pollution and risk of respiratory tract infection (RTI) in adults needs to be clarified in settings with low to moderate levels of air pollution. We investigated this in the Danish population between 2004 and 2016.We included 3 653 490 persons aged 18-64 years in a nested case-control study. Exposure was defined as the average daily concentration at the individual's residential address of CO, NOX, NO2, O3, SO2, NH3, PPM2.5, black carbon, organic carbon, mineral dust, sea salt, secondary inorganic aerosols, SO42-, NO3-, NH4+, secondary organic aerosols, PM2.5, and PM10 during a 3-month exposure window. RTIs were defined by hospitalization for RTIs. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and 95% CIs were estimated comparing highest with lowest decile of exposure using conditional logistic regression models.In total, 188 439 incident cases of RTI were identified. Exposure to most air pollutants was positively associated with risk of RTI. For example, NO2 showed an IRR of 1.52 (CI: 1.48-1.55), and PM2.5 showed an IRR of 1.45 (CI: 1.40-1.50). In contrast, exposure to sea salt, PM10, NH3, and O3 was negatively associated with a risk of RTIs.In this nationwide study comprising adults, exposure to air pollution was associated with risk of RTIs and subgroups hereof. Sea salt, PM10, NH3, and O3 may be proxies for rural areas, as the levels of these species in Denmark are higher near the western coastlines and/or in rural areas with fewer combustion sources.
ISSN:1198743X
DOI:10.1016/j.cmi.2023.10.013