Instructed fear stimuli bias visual attention
Uloženo v:
| Název: | Instructed fear stimuli bias visual attention |
|---|---|
| Autoři: | Deltomme, Berre, Mertens, Gaëtan, Tibboel, Helen, Braem, Senne |
| Přispěvatelé: | Experimental and Applied Psychology, Brain, Body and Cognition |
| Zdroj: | ACTA PSYCHOLOGICA |
| Informace o vydavateli: | Elsevier BV, 2018. |
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Témata: | Male, task performance and analysis, Adolescent, ESSB PSY, Fear conditioning, educational technology, PREPAREDNESS, Conditioning (Psychology), CONFIDENCE-INTERVALS, Association Learning/physiology, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Mental Processes, 0302 clinical medicine, Bias, Conditioning, Psychological, Task Performance and Analysis, ANXIETY, Humans, Attention/physiology, Attention, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Psychomotor Performance/physiology, Dot-probe, Learning via instructions, Visual Perception/physiology, 05 social sciences, ASSOCIATIVE INFORMATION, ANIMALS, Educational Technology, THREAT, Association Learning, LEARNED FEAR, Fear, 16. Peace & justice, attention, EXTINCTION, Instructed fear, Fear/psychology, Visual Perception, young adult, Female, PHOBIAS, Psychomotor Performance, RESPONSES |
| Popis: | We investigated whether stimuli merely instructed to be fear-relevant can bias visual attention, even when the fear relation was never experienced before. Participants performed a dot-probe task with pictures of naturally fear-relevant (snake or spider) or -irrelevant (bird or butterfly) stimuli. Instructions indicated that two pictures (one naturally fear-relevant and one fear-irrelevant) could be followed by an electrical stimulation (i.e., instructed fear). In reality, no stimulation was administered. During the task, two pictures were presented on each side of the screen, after which participants had to determine as fast as possible on which side a black dot appeared. After a first phase, fear was reinstated by instructing participants that the device was not connected but now was (reinstatement phase). Participants were faster when the dot appeared on a location where an instructed fear picture was presented. This effect seemed independent of whether picture content was naturally fear-relevant, but was only found in the first half of each phase, suggesting rapid extinction due to the absence of stimulation, and rapid re-evaluation after reinstatement. A second experiment similarly showed that instructed fear biases attention, even when participants were explicitly instructed that no stimulation would be given during the dot-probe task. Together, these findings demonstrate that attention can be biased towards instructed fear stimuli, even when these fear relations were never experienced. Future studies should test whether this is specific to fear, or can be observed for all instructions that change the relevance of a given stimulus. |
| Druh dokumentu: | Article |
| Popis souboru: | application/pdf; text/plain |
| Jazyk: | English |
| ISSN: | 0001-6918 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.actpsy.2017.08.010 |
| Přístupová URL adresa: | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28889903 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0001691817303062 https://repub.eur.nl/pub/101846 https://researchportal.vub.be/en/publications/instructed-fear-stimuli-bias-visual-attention https://core.ac.uk/display/132628522 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28889903 https://www.narcis.nl/publication/RecordID/oai%3Adspace.library.uu.nl%3A1874%2F364025 https://dspace.library.uu.nl/handle/1874/364025 https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/8534259/file/8534260 https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/8534259 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2017.08.010 http://hdl.handle.net/1854/LU-8534259 https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/8534259/file/8564950 |
| Rights: | Elsevier TDM taverne |
| Přístupové číslo: | edsair.doi.dedup.....d6d55da841cbd1dd701f2e6eff60cec0 |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
Full Text Finder 
Nájsť tento článok vo Web of Science | Abstrakt: | We investigated whether stimuli merely instructed to be fear-relevant can bias visual attention, even when the fear relation was never experienced before. Participants performed a dot-probe task with pictures of naturally fear-relevant (snake or spider) or -irrelevant (bird or butterfly) stimuli. Instructions indicated that two pictures (one naturally fear-relevant and one fear-irrelevant) could be followed by an electrical stimulation (i.e., instructed fear). In reality, no stimulation was administered. During the task, two pictures were presented on each side of the screen, after which participants had to determine as fast as possible on which side a black dot appeared. After a first phase, fear was reinstated by instructing participants that the device was not connected but now was (reinstatement phase). Participants were faster when the dot appeared on a location where an instructed fear picture was presented. This effect seemed independent of whether picture content was naturally fear-relevant, but was only found in the first half of each phase, suggesting rapid extinction due to the absence of stimulation, and rapid re-evaluation after reinstatement. A second experiment similarly showed that instructed fear biases attention, even when participants were explicitly instructed that no stimulation would be given during the dot-probe task. Together, these findings demonstrate that attention can be biased towards instructed fear stimuli, even when these fear relations were never experienced. Future studies should test whether this is specific to fear, or can be observed for all instructions that change the relevance of a given stimulus. |
|---|---|
| ISSN: | 00016918 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.actpsy.2017.08.010 |