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Risk and prevalence of Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (REDs) among professional female football players

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Titel: Risk and prevalence of Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (REDs) among professional female football players
Autoren: Marcus S. Dasa, Oddgeir Friborg, Morten Kristoffersen, Gunn Pettersen, Jorn V. Sagen, Monica Klungland Torstveit, Jorunn Sundgot‐Borgen, Jan H. Rosenvinge
Quelle: Eur J Sport Sci
European Journal of Sport Science (EJSS)
Verlagsinformationen: Wiley, 2024.
Publikationsjahr: 2024
Schlagwörter: Adult, Adolescent, Norway, ORIGINAL PAPER, VDP::Medisinske Fag: 700::Idrettsmedisinske fag: 850, 3. Good health, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Cross-Sectional Studies, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, Athletes, Soccer, Prevalence, Humans, Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport, Female
Beschreibung: A high prevalence of low energy availability (LEA) has been reported in female football players. This is of concern as problematic LEA may evolve into a syndromic pattern known as relative energy deficiency in sport (REDs). Given the difficulties in accurately assessing LEA, our study shifts emphasis to measurable indicators of REDs, serving as proxies for health detriments caused by LEA. The present cross‐sectional study aimed to quantify the risk of REDs and to assess the prevalence of indicators indicative of the syndrome. 60 players (tiers 3 and 4) from three Norwegian football teams were analyzed as a single cohort but also stratified based on player position and menstrual status. The proportion of players at risk for REDs was 22%, that is, 17% with mild, 3% with moderate to high, and 2% with very high/extreme risk, respectively. The majority of the cohort (71%) presented with no primary indicators, while 20%, 7%, and 2% presented with one, two, and three primary indicators, respectively. Regarding secondary indicators, 57% had none, 33% had one, and 10% had two indicators. For associated indicators, 30% had none, 42% had one, 18% had two, 8% had three, and 2% had four indicators. Player position did not affect the prevalence of REDs indicators. Among noncontraceptive users (n = 27), secondary amenorrhea (AME) was reported by 30%. These findings indicate that health and performance teams should prioritize universal health promoting strategies rather than selective or indicative strategies. Particularly, focus on nutritional periodization to secure sufficient energy availability, mitigating the risk of problematic LEA and REDs should be addressed.
Publikationsart: Article
Other literature type
Dateibeschreibung: application/pdf
Sprache: English
ISSN: 1536-7290
1746-1391
DOI: 10.1002/ejsc.12129
Zugangs-URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38956804
https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3145065
https://hdl.handle.net/10037/35050
https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3160625
Rights: CC BY NC
URL: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/deed.no
Dokumentencode: edsair.doi.dedup.....d3d3578b187f673364b0f4340ebd34b0
Datenbank: OpenAIRE
Beschreibung
Abstract:A high prevalence of low energy availability (LEA) has been reported in female football players. This is of concern as problematic LEA may evolve into a syndromic pattern known as relative energy deficiency in sport (REDs). Given the difficulties in accurately assessing LEA, our study shifts emphasis to measurable indicators of REDs, serving as proxies for health detriments caused by LEA. The present cross‐sectional study aimed to quantify the risk of REDs and to assess the prevalence of indicators indicative of the syndrome. 60 players (tiers 3 and 4) from three Norwegian football teams were analyzed as a single cohort but also stratified based on player position and menstrual status. The proportion of players at risk for REDs was 22%, that is, 17% with mild, 3% with moderate to high, and 2% with very high/extreme risk, respectively. The majority of the cohort (71%) presented with no primary indicators, while 20%, 7%, and 2% presented with one, two, and three primary indicators, respectively. Regarding secondary indicators, 57% had none, 33% had one, and 10% had two indicators. For associated indicators, 30% had none, 42% had one, 18% had two, 8% had three, and 2% had four indicators. Player position did not affect the prevalence of REDs indicators. Among noncontraceptive users (n = 27), secondary amenorrhea (AME) was reported by 30%. These findings indicate that health and performance teams should prioritize universal health promoting strategies rather than selective or indicative strategies. Particularly, focus on nutritional periodization to secure sufficient energy availability, mitigating the risk of problematic LEA and REDs should be addressed.
ISSN:15367290
17461391
DOI:10.1002/ejsc.12129