EHEC/EAEC O104:H4 strain linked with the 2011 German outbreak of haemolytic uremic syndrome enters into the viable but non‐culturable state in response to various stresses and resuscitates upon stress relief
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| Titel: | EHEC/EAEC O104:H4 strain linked with the 2011 German outbreak of haemolytic uremic syndrome enters into the viable but non‐culturable state in response to various stresses and resuscitates upon stress relief |
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| Autoren: | Aurass, Philipp, Prager, Rita, Flieger, Antje |
| Quelle: | Environmental Microbiology. 13:3139-3148 |
| Verlagsinformationen: | Wiley, 2011. |
| Publikationsjahr: | 2011 |
| Schlagwörter: | 0301 basic medicine, Germany/epidemiology, 610 Medizin, Copper/pharmacology, Disease Outbreaks, 03 medical and health sciences, Germany, Escherichia coli Infections/epidemiology, Drinking Water/chemistry, Humans, Escherichia coli Infections, Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome/microbiology, ddc:610, 0303 health sciences, Microbial Viability, Virulence, Drinking Water, Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome/epidemiology, 6. Clean water, 3. Good health, Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli/pathogenicity, Culture Media, Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli/growth & development, Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli, Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome, Culture Media/chemistry, Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli/drug effects, Copper, Escherichia coli Infections/microbiology |
| Beschreibung: | SummaryVarious non‐spore forming bacteria, including Escherichia coli, enter a dormant‐like state, the viable but non‐culturable (VBNC) state, characterized by the presence of viable cells but the inability to grow on routine laboratory media. Upon resuscitation, these VBNC cells recover both culturability and pathogenicity. In 2011, a large outbreak involving more than 3000 cases of bloody diarrhoea and haemolytic uremic syndrome was caused by an E. coli O104:H4 strain expressing genes characteristic of both enterohaemorrhagic (EHEC) and enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC). The ability of the outbreak strain to enter the VBNC state may have complicated its detection in the suspected sources. In this paper, we investigated the ability of the outbreak strain to enter and subsequently recover from the VBNC state. We found that in a nutrient‐poor micro‐environment, various stresses such as toxic concentrations of copper ions or certain types of tap water are able to render the bacteria unculturable within a few days. Without copper ion stress, the majority of cells remained culturable for at least 40 days. Incubation with the stressors at 23°C compared with 4°C hastened this observed loss of culturability. The integrity of a considerable fraction of copper ion‐ and tap water 1‐stressed bacteria was demonstrated by live/dead staining and microscopy. Relieving stress by copper‐ion chelation facilitated resuscitation of these bacteria while preserving their fitness, major virulence gene markers (stx2, aggR, aggA genes) and specific phenotypes (ESBL resistance, autoaggregation typical for EAEC strains). |
| Publikationsart: | Article |
| Dateibeschreibung: | application/pdf |
| Sprache: | English |
| ISSN: | 1462-2920 1462-2912 |
| DOI: | 10.1111/j.1462-2920.2011.02604.x |
| DOI: | 10.25646/892 |
| Zugangs-URL: | https://edoc.rki.de/bitstream/176904/967/1/23OSL3Uro5Ng.pdf https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21951606 http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2011.02604.x/abstract https://edoc.rki.de/bitstream/176904/967/1/23OSL3Uro5Ng.pdf https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2011.02604.x https://sfamjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2011.02604.x https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21951606 https://edoc.rki.de/handle/176904/967 |
| Rights: | Wiley Online Library User Agreement |
| Dokumentencode: | edsair.doi.dedup.....b7a7a3f26507cc0474c172ba5e7527b6 |
| Datenbank: | OpenAIRE |
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Nájsť tento článok vo Web of Science | Abstract: | SummaryVarious non‐spore forming bacteria, including Escherichia coli, enter a dormant‐like state, the viable but non‐culturable (VBNC) state, characterized by the presence of viable cells but the inability to grow on routine laboratory media. Upon resuscitation, these VBNC cells recover both culturability and pathogenicity. In 2011, a large outbreak involving more than 3000 cases of bloody diarrhoea and haemolytic uremic syndrome was caused by an E. coli O104:H4 strain expressing genes characteristic of both enterohaemorrhagic (EHEC) and enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC). The ability of the outbreak strain to enter the VBNC state may have complicated its detection in the suspected sources. In this paper, we investigated the ability of the outbreak strain to enter and subsequently recover from the VBNC state. We found that in a nutrient‐poor micro‐environment, various stresses such as toxic concentrations of copper ions or certain types of tap water are able to render the bacteria unculturable within a few days. Without copper ion stress, the majority of cells remained culturable for at least 40 days. Incubation with the stressors at 23°C compared with 4°C hastened this observed loss of culturability. The integrity of a considerable fraction of copper ion‐ and tap water 1‐stressed bacteria was demonstrated by live/dead staining and microscopy. Relieving stress by copper‐ion chelation facilitated resuscitation of these bacteria while preserving their fitness, major virulence gene markers (stx2, aggR, aggA genes) and specific phenotypes (ESBL resistance, autoaggregation typical for EAEC strains). |
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| ISSN: | 14622920 14622912 |
| DOI: | 10.1111/j.1462-2920.2011.02604.x |