In EDS ansehen

Fear conditioning and fear generalization in children and adolescents with anxiety disorders

Gespeichert in:
Bibliographische Detailangaben
Titel: Fear conditioning and fear generalization in children and adolescents with anxiety disorders
Autoren: Julia Reinhard, Anna Mittermeier, Lisa Brandstetter, Kimberly Mowat, Anna Slyschak, Andrea M. F. Reiter, Matthias Gamer, Marcel Romanos
Quelle: Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry
Verlagsinformationen: Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2023.
Publikationsjahr: 2023
Schlagwörter: Male, ddc:610, Adolescent, Conditioning, Classical, Original Contribution, Fear, Fear conditioning, Adolescent [MeSH], Female [MeSH], Development, Humans [MeSH], Fear/psychology [MeSH], Anxiety Disorders/psychology [MeSH], Arousal/physiology [MeSH], Anxiety disorders, Fear generalization, Overgeneralization, Childhood and adolescence, Male [MeSH], Generalization, Psychological/physiology [MeSH], Conditioning, Classical/physiology [MeSH], Child [MeSH], Anxiety Disorders, Generalization, Psychological, ddc:150, Humans, Female, Child, Arousal
Beschreibung: Overgeneralization of conditioned fear is associated with anxiety disorders (AD). Most results stem from studies done in adult patients, but studies with children are rare, although the median onset of anxiety disorders lies already in childhood. Thus, the goal of the present study was to examine fear learning and generalization in youth participants, aged 10–17 years, with AD (n = 39) compared to healthy controls (HC) (n = 40). A discriminative fear conditioning and generalization paradigm was used. Ratings of arousal, valence, and US expectancy (the probability of an aversive noise following each stimulus) were measured, hypothesizing that children with AD compared to HC would show heightened ratings of arousal and US expectancy, and decreased positive valence ratings, respectively, as well as overgeneralization of fear. The results indicated that children with AD rated all stimuli as more arousing and less pleasant, and demonstrated higher US expectancy ratings to all stimuli when compared to HC. Thus, rather than displaying qualitatively different generalization patterns (e.g., a linear vs. quadratic slope of the gradient), differences between groups were more quantitative (similar, but parallel shifted gradient). Therefore, overgeneralization of conditioned fear does not seem to be a general marker of anxiety disorders in children and adolescents.
Publikationsart: Article
Other literature type
Dateibeschreibung: application/pdf
Sprache: English
ISSN: 1435-165X
1018-8827
DOI: 10.1007/s00787-023-02304-7
Zugangs-URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37794273
https://repository.publisso.de/resource/frl:6518609
Rights: CC BY
Dokumentencode: edsair.doi.dedup.....acaa683ab86f6a1f6f1452d63e55d3eb
Datenbank: OpenAIRE
Beschreibung
Abstract:Overgeneralization of conditioned fear is associated with anxiety disorders (AD). Most results stem from studies done in adult patients, but studies with children are rare, although the median onset of anxiety disorders lies already in childhood. Thus, the goal of the present study was to examine fear learning and generalization in youth participants, aged 10–17 years, with AD (n = 39) compared to healthy controls (HC) (n = 40). A discriminative fear conditioning and generalization paradigm was used. Ratings of arousal, valence, and US expectancy (the probability of an aversive noise following each stimulus) were measured, hypothesizing that children with AD compared to HC would show heightened ratings of arousal and US expectancy, and decreased positive valence ratings, respectively, as well as overgeneralization of fear. The results indicated that children with AD rated all stimuli as more arousing and less pleasant, and demonstrated higher US expectancy ratings to all stimuli when compared to HC. Thus, rather than displaying qualitatively different generalization patterns (e.g., a linear vs. quadratic slope of the gradient), differences between groups were more quantitative (similar, but parallel shifted gradient). Therefore, overgeneralization of conditioned fear does not seem to be a general marker of anxiety disorders in children and adolescents.
ISSN:1435165X
10188827
DOI:10.1007/s00787-023-02304-7